Development of a novel functionally graded membrane containing boron‐modified bioactive glass nanoparticles for guided bone regeneration

Abstract

Barrier membranes are used in periodontal tissue engineering for successful neo‐bone tissue formation and prevention of bacterial colonization. We aimed to prepare and characterize novel 7% boron‐modified bioactive glass (7B‐BG) containing bilayered membrane for this end. We hypothesized that presence of 7B‐BG could promote structural and biological properties of guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane. Cellulose acetate (CA) layer was prepared by solvent casting, and functionally graded layer of CA/gelatin/BG nanoparticles was prepared by electrospinning. 0B‐BG, and 7B‐BG were synthesized by quick alkali‐mediated sol–gel method and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier‐transform Raman spectroscopy. Membranes were cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde to preserve their stability. SEM analysis showed the asymmetric nature of membranes consisting of a smooth membrane layer and a rough surface composed of 0B‐BG and 7B‐BG containing nanofibres. 7B‐BG addition increased surface wettability (from 110.5° ± 0.8 to 73.46° ± 7.6) and biodegradability of the membranes. Additionally, a significant increase in Ca–P layer formation was observed in 7B‐BG containing group after 1‐week incubation in stimulated body fluid. 7B‐BG incorporation resulted in a decrease in tensile strength and Young's modulus values. Human dental pulp stem cells showed better attachment, spreading, and proliferation on 7B‐BG containing bilayered membranes. Osteogenic differentiation analysis revealed higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity of cells (~1.5‐fold), higher intracellular calcium deposition (approximately twofold), and higher calcium deposition revealed by Alizarin red staining on 7B‐BG containing bilayered membranes. Overall, results suggested that functionally graded bilayered membranes hold potential for GBR applications in regenerative dentistry.

Equine adipose tissue derived stem cells and their multilineage differentiation

“…Adipogenic differentiation was proved by Oil red-O to detect intracellular lipid droplets ensuring that the cells differentiated into adipogenic lineage. These findings and procedures were similar to previous studies in this regard (Koç et al 2008, Moonesi Rad et al 2019, Fink and Zachar 2011, Nawaz et al 2020, Ozden-Akkaya et al 2019. Furthermore, neurospheres generation from adipose tissue make provision for the treatment of alleviation of neurogenic disorder or diseases that may need proper administration media and process.…”

Bioactive Glasses in Periodontal Regeneration: Existing Strategies and Future Prospects—A Literature Review

“…The biological behavior of bilayer membranes (of cellulose acetate) containing bioactive glass nanoparticles modified with boron was studied by Moonesi et al [ 65 ]. BG nanoparticles were studied by SEM and Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) analysis to obtain information on the structure and characteristics of the particles.…”

“…When fibroblast/osteocyte cell lines were utilized, cell viability, cell proliferation, cell differentiation were appreciated [ 60 , 64 , 70 , 71 ], in particular with mesoporous BG nanospheres/nanoparticles [ 54 , 68 ]. Some studies detected specific cell factors involved in the osteoinduction response [ 37 , 56 , 59 ], while BGs in membranes promoted healing [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 69 ]. Finally, antibacterial activity of BGs was demonstrated [ 52 ].…”

Membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration - An Update

“…Moonesi Rad R et.al [49] developed a novel FGM comprising of cellulose acetate layer prepared gelatin and 7% boron-modified bioactive glass (7B-BG) nanoparticles prepared by electrospinning when characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy revealed increased surface wettability, biodegradability, better attachment, spreading, and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells, increase in Ca-P layer formation and higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity of cells.…”