Development of a model for assessment of biomaterial encrustation in the upper urinary tract

Tunney, Michael; Bonner, Michael; Keane, Patrick F.; Gorman, Seán

doi:10.1016/0142-9612(96)84679-5

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The composition of the artificial urine solution is based on compositions previously reported,11, 12 with two principal changes. First, calcium chloride hexahydrate was replaced with calcium chloride dihydrate, with equivalent concentrations of available calcium ions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Static systems have also been used to investigate the precipitation of urinary salts8 and the formation of encrustation on catheters 9. Encrustation models have also used constant stirring of urine, either by utilization of Teflon stirring bars or by placing reactor vessels within orbital incubators 10–13. Although there is a degree of turbulence within the systems, and precipitation of salts is minimized, levels of turbulence within the system may not be constant, with some materials being subject to more turbulent flow and pockets of higher solution concentration within the vessels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of the CDC biofilm reactor as a dynamic model for assessment of encrustation formation on urological device materials

Gilmore¹,

Hamill²,

Jones³

et al. 2010

J Biomed Mater Res

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Contemporary medical science is reliant upon the rational selection and utilization of devices, and therefore, an increasing need has developed for in vitro systems aimed at replicating the conditions to which urological devices will be subjected to during their use in vivo. We report the development and validation of a novel continuous flow encrustation model based on the commercially available CDC biofilm reactor. Proteus mirabilis-induced encrustation formation on test biomaterial sections under varying experimental parameters was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, infrared- and Raman spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The model system produced encrusted deposits similar to those observed in archived clinical samples. Results obtained for the system are highly reproducible with encrustation being rapidly deposited on test biomaterial sections. This model will have utility in the rapid screening of encrustation behavior of biomaterials for use in urological applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the CDC biofilm reactor as a dynamic model for assessment of encrustation formation on urological device materials

Gilmore¹,

Hamill²,

Jones³

et al. 2010

J Biomed Mater Res

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“…It is important that new biomaterials designed for use as urological medical devices should exhibit increased resistance to microbial adherence (the initial step in the development of medical device infection) and encrustation. In this study, the resistance of the range of DLC‐coated polyurethane films to these two phenomena were assessed using in vitro methods that have been previously successfully used for this purpose 17, 19, 20, 27. In particular, the encrustation model employed in this study has been developed following the analysis of encrustation from retrieved stents and therefore offers an insight into the clinical resistance of biomaterials to encrustation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resistance of the DLC‐coated and uncoated polyurethane to urinary encrustation was determined using an in vitro encrustation model that has been previously reported by the authors 14, 19, 20. In this, sections of each material were immersed within artificial urine at 37°C in a carbon dioxide‐enriched atmosphere (5% v/v CO 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of surface properties and in vitro biological performance of amorphous diamond‐like carbon‐coated polyurethane

et al. 2006

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Despite the emerging use of diamond-like carbon (DLC) as a coating for medical devices, few studies have examined the resistance of DLC coatings onto medical polymers to both microbial adherence and encrustation. In this study, amorphous DLC of a range of refractive indexes (1.7-1.9) and thicknesses (100-600 nm) was deposited onto polyurethane, a model polymer, and the resistance to microbial adherence (Escherichia coli; clinical isolate) and encrustation examined using in vitro models. In comparison to the native polymer, the advancing and receding contact angles of DLC-coated polyurethane were lower, indicating greater hydrophilic properties. No relationship was observed between refractive index, thickness, and advancing contact angle, as determined using multiple correlation analysis. The resistances of the various DLC-coated polyurethane films to encrustation and microbial adherence were significantly greater than that to polyurethane; however, there were individual differences between the resistances of the various DLC coatings. In general, increasing the refractive index of the coatings (100 nm thickness) decreased the resistance of the films to both hydroxyapatite and struvite encrustation and to microbial adherence. Films of lower thicknesses (100 and 200 nm; of defined refractive index, 1.8), exhibited the greatest resistance to encrustation and to microbial adherence. In conclusion, this study has uniquely illustrated both the microbial antiadherence properties and resistance to urinary encrustation of DLC-coated polyurethane. The resistances to encrustation and microbial adherence were substantial, and in light of this, it is suggested that DLC coatings of low thickness and refractive index show particular promise as coatings of polymeric medical devices.

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“…On the other hand, these studies provide valuable mechanistic information. [5][6][7] Also, several reports are concerned with bacterial encrustation, 8 although the encrustation process occurs under sterile conditions as well. 9,10 The purpose of the present work was to identify the most common encrustation deposits encountered on indwelling ureteral stents of polyurethane, mainly in sterile urine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Encrustations on Polyurethane Ureteral Stents

Bithelis

Bouropoulos²,

Liatsikos

et al. 2004

Journal of Endourology

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Development of a model for assessment of biomaterial encrustation in the upper urinary tract

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Validation of the CDC biofilm reactor as a dynamic model for assessment of encrustation formation on urological device materials

Validation of the CDC biofilm reactor as a dynamic model for assessment of encrustation formation on urological device materials

Examination of surface properties and in vitro biological performance of amorphous diamond‐like carbon‐coated polyurethane

Assessment of Encrustations on Polyurethane Ureteral Stents

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