Development of a Miniature Fast Analyzer

Abstract

Design features and operation of a prototype miniaturized Fast Analyzer are described, and some results obtained with it are presented. The Analyzer occupies only one cubic foot of space. It has a 17-cuvet plastic rotor that rotates through a stationary optical system at speeds up to 5000 rpm. The resulting centrifugal force is utilized to transfer and mix a series of sample(s) and reagent(s) into the cuvets. The ensuing reactions are monitored spectrophotometrically, and the data evaluated in real time by an on-line computer. Samples (1 to 10 µl) and reagents (70 to 110 µl) are loaded into the rotor either discretely or dynamically; various rotor configurations can be used to do this. Many of the standard clinical analyses, including most of the NADH-linked enzymatic analyses, have been adapted for use with this analyzer. Precision obtained ranges from 1 to 4%. This report considers, specifically, analyses of some serum enzymes. Results show that the small analyzer possesses the previously demonstrated advantages of Fast Analyzers and, in addition, has several beneficial features arising from miniaturization.

Integrated Sample Preparation, Reaction, and Detection on a High-Frequency Centrifugal Microfluidic Platform

“…The flow velocity u depends on the frequency of rotation n and the channel geometry. 33,36,56 When the resulting flow is observed from a noninertial reference frame rotating at the spinning frequency (i.e., with the disk at rest), an apparent Coriolis force F C component Figure 1. A disk with the format of a conventional compact disc (CD) and 24 integrated microfluidic structures.…”

“…The flow velocity u depends on the frequency of rotation v and the channel geometry. 33,36,56…”

Multiple biological markers and breast carcinoma: A preliminary study in the detection of recurrent disease after primary therapy

“…Metastatic organ site biomarkers for liver: y-glutamyltranspeptidase (y-GT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and Snucleotidase (Snuc). These enyzmes were all determined with the centrifugal fast analyzer [38,39]. y-GT was measured with the reagent kit developed by Worthington (Worthington Statzyme y-GT).…”

Single‐step CE for miniaturized and easy‐to‐use system

“…Our SSCE scheme involved a sample plug formation with single‐step operation that combined capillary action, capillary stop valves, and air vents. Capillary stop valves are widely used for liquid handling in compact‐disk‐format liquid handling devices . For these capillary stop valve applications, centrifugal force is used to handle the reagents.…”