Development of a combined in vitro cell culture – Quantitative PCR assay for evaluating the disinfection performance of pulsed light for treating the waterborne enteroparasite Giardia lamblia

Garvey, Mary; Stocca, Alessia; Rowan, Neil J.

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2014.06.001

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Regardless of the delivery approach, light in the UV wavelength range has undeniable antimicrobial properties. However, PUV has not only repeatedly provided higher levels of inactivation of test species in a much-reduced treatment time than its counterparts, it has also demonstrated high levels of inactivation of problematic parasite species such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia (Garvey et al, 2014). Indeed, this study has shown the significant reduction in time needed to achieve similar levels of inactivation of all test species with PUV compared to LPUV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The UV dose (mJ/cm 2 ) was varied by altering the time of exposure as required. A pulsed lamp system (Samtech Ltd, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.) was used as described by Garvey et al (2014) and is, therefore, not described in more detail herein. Pulsed UV studies were conducted on samples diluted from the working stock of ca.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard UV lamps include low pressure (LP) and medium pressure (MP) lamps, which have proven effective for the inactivation of a range of microbial test species. However, it has become increasingly clear that these standard lamps are not as effective for the inactivation of larger protozoa parasite species such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia (Garvey et al, 2014). Furthermore, microbial species possess DNA repair systems that can repair genetic insult resulting from UV exposure allowing the species to replicate and regain its pathogenic potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, microbial species possess DNA repair systems that can repair genetic insult resulting from UV exposure allowing the species to replicate and regain its pathogenic potential. An alternative UV delivery method known as pulsed UV (PUV) light has been recognized as an extremely effective method for the inactivation of fungal, spore, biofilm, and parasite species (Garvey et al, 2014) in a much shorter treatment time. Pulsed UV operates by storing energy in a capacitor and releasing it as short bursts of energy into the treatment area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of a Real Time PCR Assay to Assess the Effect of Pulsed Light Inactivation on Bacterial Cell Membranes and Associated Cell Viability

Garvey

Stocca²,

Rowan³

2016

Water Environment Research

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Research into more rapid and effective means of disinfecting water has become necessary due to the recognition that not all pathogenic species are being removed by chemical means. There is an extent of research highlighting the benefits of pulsed light for the disinfection of water. This study aims to determine the ability of a real time polymerase chain reaction assay to evaluate microbial inactivation of pulsed light treated cells. Findings show that pulsed light is a more rapid means of inactivating test species than standard UV lamp systems. A linear relationship between cell number and polymerase chain reaction amplification was obtained. A difference in threshold value (Ct) of approximately 4 (p ≤ 0.05) was obtained for DNA amplification following the addition of the dye for pulsed ultrviolet (PUV)-treated Bacillus cells. Membrane protein leakage proved an effective means of determining membrane damage for both Bacillus and E. coli test species following PUV treatment. This membrane damage was not evident for cells exposed to low pressure ultraviolet (LPUV). Findings describe suggest that PUV treatment induced a viable but nonculturable state in treated cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of a Real Time PCR Assay to Assess the Effect of Pulsed Light Inactivation on Bacterial Cell Membranes and Associated Cell Viability

Garvey

Stocca²,

Rowan³

2016

Water Environment Research

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“…PL is a new, non-thermal technology, where a lamp containing an inert gas such as xenon emits high-frequency radiation pulses between wavelengths of 180 to 1100 nm [8]. This technology is used to sanitize fruit and vegetable surfaces by acting on microorganism cells and breaking and altering their DNA sequences, thus inhibiting the pathogen reproductive capacity [9]. Moreover, the use of PL as a physical method can stimulate the production of phytochemicals in plant tissues to minimize the possible deleterious effects caused by radiation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pulsed light on postharvest disease control-related metabolomic variation in melon (Cucumis melo) artificially inoculated with Fusarium pallidoroseum

Filho

Silva

Lopes

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractPulsed light, as a postharvest technology, is an alternative to traditional fungicides, and can be used on a wide variety of fruit and vegetables for sanitization or pathogen control. In addition to these applications, other effects also are detected in vegetal cells, including changes in metabolism and production of secondary metabolites, which directly affect disease control response mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the possible applications of pulsed ultraviolet light in controlling postharvest rot, mainly caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum in yellow melon ‘Goldex’, in natura, and its implications in the disease control as a function of metabolomic expression to effect fungicidal or fungistatic. The dose of pulsed light (PL) that inhibited F. pallidoroseum growth in melons (Cucumis melo var. Spanish) was 9 KJ m-2. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass analyzer identified 12 compounds based on the MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Chemometric analysis by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squared Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA and S-plot) were used to evaluate the changes in fruit metabolism. PL technology provided protection against postharvest disease in melons, directly inhibiting the growth of F. pallidoroseum through upregulation of specific fruit biomarkers such as pipecolic acid (11), saponarin (7), and orientin (3), which acted as major markers for the defense system against pathogens. PL can thus be proposed as a postharvest technology to avoid chemical fungicides and may be applied to reduce the decay of melon quality during its export and storage.

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Pulsed light reduces the toxicity of the algal toxin okadaic acid to freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex

Murray

Rowan

McNamee

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This constitutes the first study to report on the reduction in toxicity of the dinoflagellate algal toxin okadaic acid after novel pulsed light (PL) treatments where ecotoxicological assessment was performed using a miniaturised format of the conventional in vivo freshwater crustacean Daphnia sp. acute toxicity test. Bivalves accumulate this toxin, which can then enter the human food chain causing deleterious health effects such as diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. This miniaturised toxicological bioassay used substantially less sample volume and chemical reagents. Findings revealed a 24-h EC of 25.87 μg/L for PL-treated okadaic acid at a UV dose of 12.98 μJ/cm compared to a 24-h EC of 1.68 μg/L for the untreated okadaic acid control, suggesting a 15-fold reduction in toxicity to Daphnia pulex. The bioassay was validated in this study and correlated well with the "classic" ISO format (r = 0.98) using the traditional reference chemical potassium dichromate (KCrO). Reduction by up to 65% in PL-treated okadaic acid concentration was confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Findings from this study have positive ecological, societal and enterprise implications, such as the development of PL technology for the prevention or reduce algal contamination of fisheries and aquaculture industries.

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Development of a combined in vitro cell culture – Quantitative PCR assay for evaluating the disinfection performance of pulsed light for treating the waterborne enteroparasite Giardia lamblia

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Use of a Real Time PCR Assay to Assess the Effect of Pulsed Light Inactivation on Bacterial Cell Membranes and Associated Cell Viability

Use of a Real Time PCR Assay to Assess the Effect of Pulsed Light Inactivation on Bacterial Cell Membranes and Associated Cell Viability

Effect of pulsed light on postharvest disease control-related metabolomic variation in melon (Cucumis melo) artificially inoculated with Fusarium pallidoroseum

Pulsed light reduces the toxicity of the algal toxin okadaic acid to freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex

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