Development and Validation of a Pain Behavior Assessment in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Meyer, Katharina; Klipstein, Andreas; Oesch, Peter; Jansen, B.; Kool, Jan; Niedermann, Karin

doi:10.1007/s10926-015-9593-2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, this approach has been criticized for not evaluating the patient during functional task performance [25]. In previous studies, the presence of pain-related behaviours was usually informally assessed by the clinician through direct observation or videotaping [25, 27, 34–36]. Videotaping is less practical as it requires equipment and can be time consuming [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS): An Exploratory Study of Reliability and Construct Validity in a Chronic Low Back Pain Population

Alamam

Leaver

Moloney

et al. 2019

Pain Research and Management

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Objectives. To examine the interrater and intrarater reliability and construct validity of the Pain Behaviour Scale during standard physical performance tests in people with chronic low back pain and to confirm the test-retest reliability of the physical performance tests in this population. The Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS) is an observational scale that was recently designed to uniquely measure both the presence and severity of observed pain behaviours. Methods. Twenty-two participants with chronic low back pain were observed during performance of five physical performance tests by two raters. Pain behaviours were assessed using the Pain Behaviour Scale. The Visual Analogue Scale and Modified Oswestry Disability Index were used to measure pain and disability, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to report demographic features of participants. Reliability was analyzed using ICCs. Rater agreement was analyzed using the weighted Cohen’s kappa. Correlations between PaBS, self-reported measures, and physical performance tests were calculated using Pearson’s product-moment correlations. Results. The PaBS demonstrated excellent interrater (ICC2,1 = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.9 to 1.0) and intrarater (ICC3,1 = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.0) reliability. Component physical performance tests (i.e., time and distance) demonstrated good test-retest (0.6–1.0) reliability. Perfect agreement in the reporting of pain behaviours was found (95–100%). Correlations between pain behaviour severity and pain intensity (r = 0.6) and disability (r = 0.6) were moderate. Moderate correlations were found between pain behaviours and physical performance tests in sit to stand (r = 0.5), trunk flexion (r = 0.4), timed up and go (r = 0.4), and 50-foot walk (r = 0.4). Conclusion. The Pain Behaviour Scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the presence and severity of pain behaviour, and the physical performance tests are reliable tests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS): An Exploratory Study of Reliability and Construct Validity in a Chronic Low Back Pain Population

Alamam

Leaver

Moloney

et al. 2019

Pain Research and Management

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“…[ 11 , 18 , 27 – 30 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 42 , 44 – 47 , 49 – 51 , 53 – 59 , 61 – 63 , 67 , 68 , 70 – 74 , 88 , 97 , 103 – 105 , 107 , 109 , 111 – 114 ]…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…[ 11 , 18 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 31 – 38 , 42 , 44 – 46 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 57 – 59 , 61 – 63 , 66 – 69 , 71 , 72 , 74 – 82 , 85 – 87 , 89 , 90 , 92 – 104 , 106 , 107 , 109 – 111 , 116 – 122 ]…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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How to objectively assess and observe maladaptive pain behaviors in clinical rehabilitation: a systematic search and review

Naye

Cachinho²,

Tremblay

et al. 2021

Arch Physiother

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Background Cognitive-affective factors influence the perception of pain and disability. These factors can lead to pain behaviors (PB) that can persist and become maladaptive. These maladaptive PB will further increase the risk of chronicity or persistence of symptoms and disability. Thus, clinicians must be prepared to recognize maladaptive PB in a clinical context. To date, in the context of assessment in a rehabilitation setting, PB in clinical settings are poorly documented. The main objective of this study was to identify direct observation methods and critically appraise them in order to propose recommendations for practice. As a secondary objective, we explored and extracted the different observable PB that patients could exhibit and that clinicians could observe. Methods We conducted a comprehensive review on four databases with a generic search strategy in order to obtain the largest range of PB. For the first objective, a two-step critical appraisal used clinical criteria (from qualitative studies on barriers to implement routine measures) and psychometric criteria (from Brink and Louw critical appraisal tool) to determine which observation methods could be recommended for clinical practice. For the second objective, we extracted PB found in the literature to list potential PB that patients could exhibit, and clinicians could observe. Results From the 3362 retrieved studies, 47 met the inclusion criteria for the first objective. The clinical criteria allowed us to select three observation methods. After the psychometric step, two observation methods were retained and recommended for clinical practice: the Behavioral Avoidance Test-Back Pain (BAT-Back) and the Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS). For the second objective, 107 studies met the inclusion criteria. The extraction of the PB allowed us to list a large range of PB and classify the data in 7 categories of PB. Conclusion Our results allowed us to recommend two observation methods for clinical practice. However, these methods have limitations and are validated only in chronic low back pain populations. With the extraction of PB presented in the literature, we contribute to better prepare clinicians to recognize PB in all patients who are experiencing pain.

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“…Bei FCE-Testungen werden Rückschlüsse auf mögliche Selbstlimitierungen anhand von Konsistenz-und Schmerzverhaltens-Analysen gezogen. Eine systematische Auswertung mit einem strukturierten Score war bisher nur bei dem EFL-Verfahren nach Isernhagen möglich [6,7]. Für das zeitsparende Assessmentsystem Sapphire ® wurde aktuell von uns ein gewichteter Inkonsistenzscore entwickelt und getestet [8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Arbeitsbezogene Leistungsdiagnostik mit dem Sapphire-System®: Konsistenzbewertung und Schmerzverhalten unter Berücksichtigung des Erwerbsstatus

et al. 2018

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Development and Validation of a Pain Behavior Assessment in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Abstract: The PBA is a valid assessment tool to describe pain behavior in CNSLBP patients. The high PSI-value justifies the use of the PBA in individuals. The PBA may help to screen patients for high levels of pain behavior.

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS): An Exploratory Study of Reliability and Construct Validity in a Chronic Low Back Pain Population

Pain Behaviour Scale (PaBS): An Exploratory Study of Reliability and Construct Validity in a Chronic Low Back Pain Population

How to objectively assess and observe maladaptive pain behaviors in clinical rehabilitation: a systematic search and review

Arbeitsbezogene Leistungsdiagnostik mit dem Sapphire-System®: Konsistenzbewertung und Schmerzverhalten unter Berücksichtigung des Erwerbsstatus

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