Development and Characterization of a Composite Anthill-chicken Eggshell Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Frying Oil

Yusuff, Adeyinka Sikiru; Adeniyi, Olalekan David; Olutoye, M.A.; Akpan, U.G.

doi:10.14716/ijtech.v9i1.1166

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The reason for this observation is because both variables interact and were found to have synergistic effects on the adsorption capacity of the prepared composite adsorbent. As widely reported in literature, a high calcination temperature and calcination time enhanced pore creation and enlargement [9,18]. Thus, it indicates a good possibility for the adsorption of MB [9].…”

Section: Central Composite Design (Ccd) Model and Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

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Adsorption of Cationic Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Composite Chicken Eggshell - Anthill Clay: Optimization of Adsorbent Preparation Conditions

Yusuff

2019

Acta Polytech

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A composite adsorbent was prepared from anthill and eggshell mixture, using an incipient wetness impregnation method and it was used for an adsorption of cationic dye (methylene blue, MB) from an aqueous solution. The effects of three preparation parameters including calcination temperature, calcination time and mixing ratio of eggshell to anthill on the MB uptake were investigated using the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). A quadratic model was developed to predict the response with a high accuracy. The optimal adsorbent sample was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The obtained results revealed that the calcination temperature significantly affected the MB adsorption. The optimum MB uptake of 23.87 mg/g was achieved under the optimum conditions including a calcination temperature of 823.45 °C, calcination time of 3.54 h and eggshell/anthill mixing ratio of 1.89:1. A detailed characterization of an optimal adsorbent sample confirmed the presence of pores, active functional groups and various molecular adsorption sites on its surface. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were also studied and it was revealed that the isotherms and kinetics data fitted well to the Freundlich model and pseudo-second-order kinetics model, respectively.

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Section: Central Composite Design (Ccd) Model and Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

“…An anthill is a form of clay, which is formed at the entrances of ant colonies [16]. It has numerous industrial usefulness, including ceramic, cement, bricks, and sand casting making [17] and catalyst synthesis [18]. Chicken eggshells are agricultural waste, which poses a solid waste disposal menace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Cationic Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Composite Chicken Eggshell - Anthill Clay: Optimization of Adsorbent Preparation Conditions

Yusuff

2019

Acta Polytech

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“…The procedure used to prepare the supported catalyst was referred in our previous work [19]. Three different samples of alumina supported eggshell catalyst were prepared by weighing and mixing the prepared eggshell powder and alumina in 1 : 1, 2 : 1 and 1 : 2 mass ratios of eggshell to alumina.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Biodiesel Production From Waste Frying Oil Over Alumina Supported Chicken Eggshell Catalyst Using Experimental Design Tool

Yusuff

Popoola

2019

Acta Polytech

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An optimization of the biodiesel production from a waste frying oil via a heterogeneous transesterification was studied. This present study is also aimed at investigating the catalytic ehaviour of the alumina supported eggshell (ASE) for the synthesis of biodiesel. A synthesized ASE catalyst, at various mixing ratios of alumina to eggshell, was investigated and exhibited a better activity for the reaction when the eggshell and alumina were mixed via incipient wetness impregnation in 2 : 1 proportion on a mass basis and calcined at 900 °C for 4 h. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized by basicity, BET, SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The 2k factorial experimental design was employed for an optimization of process variables, which include catalyst loading, reaction time, methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature and their effects on the biodiesel yield were studied. The optimization results showed that the reaction time has the highest percentage contribution of 40.139% while the catalyst loading contributes the least to the biodiesel production, as low as 1.233 %. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9492) and the interaction between the reaction time and reaction temperature contributes significantly to the biodiesel production process with percentage contribution of 14.001 %, compared to other interaction terms. The biodiesel yield of 77.56% was obtained under the optimized factor combination of 4.0 wt.% catalyst loading, 120 min reaction time, 12 : 1 methanol/oil molar ratio and reaction temperature of 65 °C. The reusability study showed that the ASE catalyst could be reused for up to four cycles and the biodiesel produced under optimum conditions conformed to the ASTM standard.

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“…The reactor is limited to single feed and use of heterogeneous catalyst only. Although, heterogeneous catalysts boast of several advantages over homogeneous catalysts in the conversion of feedstock to biodiesel [17][18][19][20]. The analysis of material handling was however not sufficiently highlighted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly: Development of a Multifeedstock Biodiesel Processor

Daniyan¹,

Mpofu²

2019

Applications of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly

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Design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) is the method for process and cost optimization of subsystems, whole system as well as the entire manufacturing process. While minimizing assembly operations, it helps in eliminating component redundancy, facilitates assembly and manufacturing of products that are cost effective in terms of material requirements, parts production, labor and overhead. In this study, a multi feedstock biodiesel processor with intelligent systems for control and monitoring was developed using the principles of design for manufacturing and assembly. It consists of a 2 kW variable speed sparkless electric motor, reaction chamber, a thermostatically controlled 3 kW electric heater, saw dust insulation, ball valve, thermostat, funnel, a stirrer of diameter 20 mm with five blades that rotate in the reaction chamber and two baffles to control the splashing. The stirrer is driven by the electric motor. A 2 mm thick galvanized steel was used in the fabrication of the reaction chamber because of its high resistance to corrosion. This work provides a design framework for both small and large scale biodiesel plant for industrial, laboratory and experimental purposes. In addition, the assembly operations of the processor's components via the principles of DFMA were simplified to reduce ambiguity and redundancy. Hence, the overall processor is cost effective in terms of material requirements, parts production, labor and overhead.

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Development and Characterization of a Composite Anthill-chicken Eggshell Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Frying Oil

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Adsorption of Cationic Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Composite Chicken Eggshell - Anthill Clay: Optimization of Adsorbent Preparation Conditions

Adsorption of Cationic Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Composite Chicken Eggshell - Anthill Clay: Optimization of Adsorbent Preparation Conditions

Optimization of Biodiesel Production From Waste Frying Oil Over Alumina Supported Chicken Eggshell Catalyst Using Experimental Design Tool

Application of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly: Development of a Multifeedstock Biodiesel Processor

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