Developing environmental quality standards for various pesticides and priority pollutants for French freshwaters

Babut, Marc; Corinne, Bonnet; Bray, Marc; Flammarion, Patrick; Garric, Jeanne; Geneviève, Golaszewski

doi:10.1016/s0301-4797(03)00133-6

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Over the past decade, as public concern has focused on the possible impacts of pesticides on the environment, several European and North American countries (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) have defined specific water quality criteria (WQC) for each pesticide in surface waters. Within the EU, these WQC are often equivalent to the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC), which aims to ensure the overall protection of aquatic life (9,12,14). This parameter is usually estimated by finding the lowest reliable aquatic effect concentration and applying a safety factor to account for various uncertainties, such as interspecies differences in sensitivity, acute-to-chronic ratios, and laboratory-to-field extrapolations (for review see refs 15-17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Chèvre

Loepfe

Singer

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

119

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Monitoring programs throughout America and Europe have demonstrated the common occurrence of herbicides in surface water. Nevertheless, mixtures are rarely taken into account in water quality regulation. Taking mixtures into account is only feasible if the water quality criteria (WQC) of the single compounds are derived by a common and consistent methodology, which overcomes differences in data quality without settling on the lowest common denominator but making best use of all available data. In this paper, we present a method of defining a risk quotient for mixtures of herbicides with a similar mode of action (RQ m ). Consistent and comparable WQC are defined for single herbicides as a basis for the calculation of the RQ m . Derived from the concentration addition model, the RQ m can be expressed as the sum of the ratios of the measured environmental concentration and the WQC for each herbicide. The RQ m should be less than one to ensure an acceptable risk to aquatic life. This approach has the advantage of being easy to calculate and communicate, and is proposed as a replacement for the current limit of 0.1 µg/L for herbicides in Switzerland. We illustrate the proposed approach on the example of five commonly applied herbicides (atrazine, simazine, terbuthylazine, isoproturon, and diuron). Their risk profile, i.e., the RQ m as a function of time for one exemplary river, clearly shows that the single compounds rarely exceeded their individual WQC. However, the contribution of peaks of different seasonally applied herbicides, whose application periods partially overlap, together with the continuously emitted herbicides from nonagricultural use, results in the exceedance of the RQ m threshold value of one upon several occasions. IntroductionPesticides, including herbicides, differ from most industrial organic compounds in being introduced into the environment with the explicit intention of exerting effects on one or more target organisms. Unfortunately, they do not exert their toxic action only where they are applied, but can, through persistence and transport, reach other compartments of the ecosystem. Monitoring programs throughout North America and Europe have demonstrated the widespread presence of pesticides in various freshwater bodies (1-6). Over the past decade, as public concern has focused on the possible impacts of pesticides on the environment, several European and North American countries (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) have defined specific water quality criteria (WQC) for each pesticide in surface waters. Within the EU, these WQC are often equivalent to the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC), which aims to ensure the overall protection of aquatic life (9,12,14). This parameter is usually estimated by finding the lowest reliable aquatic effect concentration and applying a safety factor to account for various uncertainties, such as interspecies differences in sensitivity, acute-to-chronic ratios, and laboratory-to-field extrapolations (for review see refs 15-17). The drawback of this approach is...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Chèvre

Loepfe

Singer

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

119

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“…These results show that the decline in chronic ecological risk from TBT and TPhT after implementation of the AFS Convention has not been robust. For TBT, all RQ values were greater than 1, with a maximum of 59.84 [51]; therefore, TBT posed a significant chronic ecological risk to aquatic organisms in the TGR, and may cause chronic toxicity in aquatic organisms [4,8,32,51,64], such as oyster calcification abnormalities [1] and weight loss and imposex in snails [30]. For TPhT, most RQ values were greater than 1, with a maximum of 16.83 [52].…”

Section: Ecological Risk Assessment Of Tbt and Tpht For Organisms In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the rapid development of agriculture and aquaculture in China, the application of TPhT as a fungicide The risk quotient (RQ) values of TBT and TPhT for organisms in the TGR before and after the implementation of the AFS Convention with different water quality criteria and risk thresholds [1,4,8,12,18,23,24,30,32,51,52,64,70,77,80]…”

Section: Health Risks From Tbt and Tpht To The Population Of The Tgrrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate simulation and risk assessment of TBT and TPhT considering water level fluctuations in the TGR before and after AFS Convention implementation in China

Gao

Chen

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Eur

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Background: The Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) is the largest freshwater reservoir in China. Previous studies showed that organotin pollution is present in the TGR. In June 2011, the AFS Convention went into effect in China. In order to explore the pollution evolution processes of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) before and after implementation of the AFS Convention and their variations with water level fluctuations in the TGR, the characteristic parameters of the TGR and the physicochemical parameters of TBT and TPhT were used to develop a level IV multimedia fugacity model considering water level fluctuations to simulate the fate, transfer, and transport of TBT and TPhT in the TGR. Based on the simulation results, exposure concentrations of TBT and TPhT were then used to assess the ecological and health risks in the TGR region (TGRR). Results:The simulation results showed that the average concentrations of both TBT and TPhT decreased in all compartments except the sediment, whereas the total content of the system continued to increase after the AFS Convention was implemented. The concentration of TBT in the sediment was higher than that in fish, while the concentration of TPhT in fish was much greater than that in the sediment. The total contents of both TBT and TPhT were highest in the sediment phase. In addition, variations in water level of the TGR significantly affected the distribution and transport of TBT and TPhT in the TGR. Conclusions:Sediment is an important source and sink of TBT and TPhT, and the water level regulation of the TGR strengthened the two roles of sediment. Both TBT and TPhT in surface water, but especially TBT, carried significant chronic exposure risks to the aquatic community of the TGR. Intake of TPhT, mainly through eating fish, posed a potential health risk to the population in the TGRR.

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“…candidate countries. This legislation requires monitoring of priority and non-priority chemicals discharged in significant quantities [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Part of the legislation has been harmonized with EU legislation, but has so far not been fully implemented so far. Currently, monitoring the quality of surface water in Serbia is conducted by the Serbian Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) and contains: (1) results of an examination of biological elements for evaluation of ecological status of surface water;…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment Approach for Prioritizing Danube Basin-Specific Pollutants: a Case Study in the Novi Sad Region

Milovanovic

S̆pánik

Miloradov

et al. 2019

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Developing environmental quality standards for various pesticides and priority pollutants for French freshwaters

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Fate simulation and risk assessment of TBT and TPhT considering water level fluctuations in the TGR before and after AFS Convention implementation in China

Risk Assessment Approach for Prioritizing Danube Basin-Specific Pollutants: a Case Study in the Novi Sad Region

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