Developing a method for the determination of sulphur and other elements in avian bone and slag using ETV-ICPOES

Abstract

The Sudbury Basin in Ontario, Canada, has been heavily mined for over 150 years due to the presence of sulphide ores rich in nickel and copper. Slag is a by-product...

Forensic analysis by solid sampling electrothermal vaporization coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

“…34 In the Sudbury Basin of Ontario, Canada, abundant deposits of sulfide ore are mined for extractions of Cu and Ni, producing metal-rich slag as a by-product. 34 It is a concern that avian species within this region (Columba Livia Domestica) may be ingesting this slag instead of grit that is a usual component of their diet. 93 The effect of slag ingestion was assessed by measuring concentrations of both bulk (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, S) and trace elements (Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Eu, Ga, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, La, Mo, Nd, O, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sr, U, V, W, Yb and Zr) in avian tibiotarsal bones.…”

“…An ETV temperature program using a low pyrolysis temperature of 140 1C and CF 4 as a reaction gas permitted the measurement of S, which is often a challenge with ETV due to its thermal instability, 96 and often, loss by premature vaporization. 34 Two avian bone samples were obtained, one from a control group administered pristine gravel as a source of grit, and the other from the experimental group administered slag. A sample of slag was also obtained for comparison and to establish some ''diet-to-bone'' translation.…”

“…4 Element ratios in the avian bone samples compared to slag. 34 Paint samples (0.4-0.5 mm fragments) were obtained from six red-colored car wrecks (labelled 1-6, each corresponding to a specific car make and model), at three locations per car (A-C). Samples were divided into two 0.8-2.0 mg aliquots, and analyzed directly.…”

Analytical Methodologies for Agrometallomics: A Critical Review

“…To overcome the matrix interference, the online gas phase enrichment (GPE) technique such as gold amalgamation, , tungsten coil trap, ,,, and quartz trap , was utilized to preconcentrate target elements to separate from interferents in addition to normal strategies such as matrix matching, standard addition calibration, or chemical modifier. On the other hand, microsampling analysis is another important application via introducing microsample sizes such as the submilligram or milligram level, e.g., direct solid analysis of ETV-ICP-OES using ∼2 mg of sample was developed for the determination of both macro (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, S) and trace (Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Eu, Ga, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, K, La, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sr, Ti, U, V, W, Yb, Zn, Zr) elements existing in avian bone and slag samples; Mao et al used ETV-AFS to analyze submilligram powdered rice sample to evaluate the Cd distribution and homogeneity for different sample preparations. Of course, if ETV is coupled with ICP-TOF-MS, − ICP-SF-MS, − or MC-ICP-MS, , a stronger capacity of simultaneous multielements and isotopic analysis can be fulfilled to investigate elemental metabolism in the microsample.…”

“…or milligram level, e.g., direct solid analysis of ETV-ICP-OES using ∼2 mg of sample was developed for the determination of both macro (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, S) and trace (Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Eu, Ga, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, K, La, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sr, Ti, U, V, W, Yb, Zn, Zr) elements existing in avian bone and slag samples;233 Mao et al230 used ETV-AFS to analyze submilligram powdered rice sample to evaluate the Cd distribution and homogeneity for different sample preparations. Of course, if ETV is coupled with ICP-TOF-MS,234−236 ICP-SF-MS,237−239 or MC-ICP-MS,…”