Detonation Characteristics of an Aluminized Explosive Added with Boron and Magnesium Hydride

A direct comparison is made between the effectiveness of Al, Mg, their alloy (Al3Mg4), and Si powders as additional fuels in explosives using the thermobaric effect. The experiment produced calorimetric measurements of the detonation heat and a record of the overpressure histories which were used to determine the quasistatic pressure (QSP) in an explosion chamber after the detonation of charges from mixtures containing 30 % fuel and 70 % RDX passivated with wax. The measured heat values indicate that Al−Mg alloy is a more effective additional fuel during anaerobic post‐detonation reactions than Al and Mg separately. Silicon also exothermically reacts with the detonation products, but the released heat only compensates for the lower amount of RDX in the charge. Similar to the calorimetric measurements, the lowest value of QSP was obtained for the mixture with Si powder. In contrast to anaerobic conditions, silicon proved to be an equally effective thermobaric additive as Al, Mg, and Al−Mg powders in air explosions.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Performance of Magnesium, Mg‐Al Alloy and Silicon in Thermobaric Explosives – A Comparison to Aluminium

Cudziło

Trzciński

Paszula

et al. 2020

“…W. Cao et al. [11] found that the combustion heat of metallic explosives enhanced with the increasing content of boron powder within certain limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E. C. Koch et al [10] studied the detonation velocities and pressures of the boron-based high explosives, and discovered that the detonation velocities of the boron-based compounds were always higher than that of the corresponding carbon-based compounds. W. Cao et al [11] found that the combustion heat of metallic explosives enhanced with the increasing content of boron powder within certain limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Micro‐Encapsulation Treatment on the Thermal Safety of High Energy Emulsion Explosives with Boron Powders

Yao

Cheng

Liu

et al. 2021

The effects of micro‐encapsulation technology on the thermal safety of boron‐containing emulsion explosives were experimentally studied. Micro‐structures of additives, demulsification states and thermal characteristics of boron‐containing emulsion explosives were characterized by the laser particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope and thermal analysis equipment, respectively. The storage experiments showed that emulsion explosives with boron powders would be demulsified in a short time, while those with micro‐encapsulated boron powders were not demulsified and had good surface morphologies and structures. The results of TG‐DSC experiments showed that the thermal stability of emulsion explosive with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) micro‐encapsulated boron powders was higher than that of other samples with boron powders, and the order of thermal stability was as follows: PMMA/Boron sensitized emulsion explosive > Paraffin/Boron‐Glass microspheres (GMs) sensitized emulsion explosive > Boron‐GMs sensitized emulsion explosive. The experimental data of accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) tests showed that the addition of boron powders would significantly increase the risk of thermal explosion of emulsion explosives under the adiabatic condition, and PMMA micro‐encapsulation for boron powders could largely reduce the thermal explosion risk of boron‐containing emulsion explosives compared with paraffin coating. The coating effect of micro‐encapsulation technology was much better than that of traditional paraffin coating method, and the compatibility and thermal safety of boron‐containing emulsion explosives were also improved.

“…Aluminized explosives have been widely used in ammunitions due to their high blast and incendiary effects [1]. The aluminum powders in explosives react with detonation products and environmental gases to release large amounts of heat, which increases the heat of detonation and damage to the target [2][3][4]. On the one hand, higher performance has always been a prime requirement in the field of research and development of explosives and the quest for the most powerful high explosives still continues and never ends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TATB (2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, C 6 H 6 N 6 O 6 ) is a reasonably powerful high explosive (HE) whose thermal and shock stability is considerably greater than that of any other known material of comparable energy [6]. TATB-based aluminized explosives have exhibited the highly thermal stability, and high detonation performance [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Stable and Low‐Sensitive Aluminized Explosives with Improved Detonation Performance

Tan

Song

et al. 2021

Self Cite

Two new types of aluminized explosives TATB/ HMX/Al and LLM-105/Al were formulated and compared with the formerly reported TATB/Al explosives in terms of thermal stability, mechanical sensitivity, and detonation performance. Firstly, the heat of the explosion was measured and two formulations were selected as the investigated samples. Next the thermal stability was studied by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) and thermal cook-off tests. Then the impact and friction sensitivity were measured, and finally the detonation performance was characterized by cylinder tests and particle velocity measurements of the detonation reaction zone. From the calorimetric data, the new types of explosives increase the heat of the explosion significantly. In terms of thermal stability, LLM-105/Al = 65/ 30 is more stable than TATB/HMX/Al = 50/15/30, but both of them are inferior to TATB/Al = 70/25. The impact sensitivity of the two new explosives is higher than that of TATB/Al = 70/25, and all of the samples are insensitive to friction. For detonation performance, both of the two new samples are superior to TATB/Al = 70/25, and LLM-105/Al = 65/30 exhibits the best performance that it has the highest Gurney energy, detonation velocity, and detonation pressure. Conclusions about how to use those aluminized explosives to generate optimal effects are drawn.