Thermally Stable and Low‐Sensitive Aluminized Explosives with Improved Detonation Performance

In this study, fused [1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a]pyridine framework was applied to construct a new energetic compound with high thermal stability and low sensitivity. 5- 3,5,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-amine (6) was synthesized by a simple method and fully characterized by NMR ( 1 H, 13 C), IR, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG). The structure of compound 6 was further determined by X-ray diffraction. Physicochemical and energetic properties of the target compound, such as thermal behavior, fric-tion sensitivity, impact sensitivity, density and detonation property, were tested. Compound 6 possesses high thermal stability (T d = 337 °C), desirable insensitivity (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N), positive calculated heat of formation (Δ f H = 307.05 kJ mol À 1 ) and good detonation property (D = 8227 m s À 1 , P = 26.3 GPa), which are all superior to the traditional heat-resistant explosive HNS (T d = 318 °C, IS = 5 J, FS = 240 N, Δ f H = 78.2 kJ mol À 1 , D = 7612 m s À 1 ). These results imply that compound 6 has potential application as a heatresistant and insensitive explosive.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Heat‐Resistant and Low Sensitivity Energetic Material Constructed with [1, 2, 4]Triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridine Framework

Wang

Lei

Tang

et al. 2022

“…The impedance match equation was then used to calculate the incident or detonation pressure [18]. The impedance equation is

true p_{i} = u_{p} (ρ_{LiF} U_{normals} + ρ_{0} D) / 2,

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bomb was filled with 0.1 MPa air. To calculate the detonation heat of the sample charge, the measured total heat was subtracted by the heat released from the fuse [18]. For the measurement of heat of explosion of one detonator, 30 detonators were detonated simultaneously in the bomb, then the total heat released was divided by 30 and the heat of explosion of one detonator was obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Performance of HMX‐Based Aluminized Explosives Containing Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Cao

Ran

Wang

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Investigation of the energy performance of HMXbased aluminized explosives added with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) oxidizer was undertaken and compared with the PTFE-free aluminized explosive of similar formulation. Firstly, the heat of explosion was measured in a calorimetric bomb, next the underwater explosion was conducted, then the cylinder expansion test was performed, and finally, the detonation reaction zone parameters were determined by the interface particle velocity experiment. Compared with the PTFE-free aluminized explosive, the addition of PTFE into aluminized explosives increases the heat of explosion significantly from the calorimetric data. The PTFE-containing aluminized explosive also yields the longer first bubble oscillation time in the underwater explosion than the PTFE-free and ammonium perchlorate-containing counterparts. From the cylinder test data, the wall velocity and Gurney energy were determined. The aluminized HMX containing PTFE shows an inferior acceleration ability to PTFE-free aluminized HMX, but exhibits a stronger afterburning potential. The addition of PTFE to aluminized HMX decreases detonation velocity and CJ pressure and increases the detonation reaction zone time and length. It has reasons to believe that the PTFE partially decomposes in detonation reaction zone. Conclusions on the potential use and suggestion for future research of PTFE as an oxidizer in aluminized explosives are drawn.

“…For comparison, the Gurney energy profiles of TNT given by Ref. [25] and TATB/HMX/Al = 50/15/30 given by He et al [26] are also presented.…”

Section: Acceleration Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation Characteristics of an Aluminized DNAN‐Based Melt‐Cast Explosive

Yang

Duan

et al. 2022

Investigations of the detonation characteristics of a new aluminized DNAN-based melt-cast explosive RMA-2X (containing 30 wt.% DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole), 30 wt.% NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one), 10 wt.% HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane) and 30 wt.% aluminum) were undertaken, as well as a lithium fluoride (LiF) substituted explosive RMF-2X (containing 30 wt.% DNAN, 30 wt.% NTO, 10 wt.% HMX and 30 wt.% LiF). The interfacial velocity experiment was carried out to measure the reaction zone parameters (including the CJ pressure, the pressure at the Von Neumann spike, and the reaction zone length) of RMA-2X. The cylinder test was also performed, and employing the test data, the detonation velocity, the Gurney energy, and the detonation energy of RMA-2X were calculated. Investigation results are analyzed and some conclusions are drawn. The role of aluminum in the detonation characteristics are also discussed. Finally, parameters of the Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state of the detonation products were confirmed.