Determination of Tributyltin in Seafood Based on Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

In this study, Fe3O4 was adopted as a carrier for surface molecular imprinting with two-stage polymerization. First, the functional monomer (methacrylic acid, MAA) was modified on the surface of Fe3O4, which was then polymerized with the template molecule (tributyltin, TBT), cross linking agent (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, EGDMA), and porogen (acetonitrile), hereby successfully preparing Fe3O4@MIPs prone to specifically identify TBT. The physical properties of Fe3O4@MIPs were then characterized, and adsorption and selection capacities were also assessed. Compared with conventional imprinting polymers, this magnetic molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) displayed significantly increased and more specific adsorption. Meanwhile, its pretreatment was simpler and faster due to magnetic separation characteristics. Using magnetic MIPs as adsorbents for enrichment and separation, detection limit, recovery rate, and linear range were 1.0 ng g−1, 79.74–95.72%, and 5 ng g−1~1000 ng g−1, respectively, for a number of seafood samples. High-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was used to analyze Tegillarca granosa, mussels, large yellow croaker, and other specimens, with recovery rates of 79.74–95.72% and RSD of 1.3%–4.7%. Overall, this method has a shorter total analysis time, lower detection limit, and wider linear range and can be more effectively applied to determine MAA in seawater and seafood.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Dispersive (Micro)Solid Phase Extraction: A Review

“…The use of APTES as a silica-based reagent (silanization) promotes the simultaneous functionalization with amino functional groups. In addition, if the modification is performed using APTES and mono acrylic acid at once, the resulting covering will also be rich in vinyl groups [142]. On other occasions, after Fe 3 O 4 functionalization with oleic acid, a further reaction with KH-570 ensures stability (silica covering) and abundant vinyl groups for further MIP synthesis [90].…”

Advanced materials on sample preparation for safety analysis of aquatic products

“…Compared to other recognition systems, MIPs exhibited the specific structure predictability, powerful recognition, and application universality. Target molecules can be selectively enriched and separated by synthesizing proper MIPs with binding site, so different molecules can be purified and separated from complex aquatic samples [58,59,[97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105]. Lu et al [101] prepared SPME fiber with hydrophilic MIP coating for selective removal and extraction of trace tetracyclines residues in fish derived foods.…”

“…Although MIPs greatly improved selectivity, conventional MIPs are time consuming, needing tedious centrifugation, and extraction steps. Therefore, MIPs are often introduced as MSPE sorbent to simplify separation and purification and improve the efficiency [97,98,105]. Lin et al [97] synthesized magnetic MIP for fast extraction and determination of malachite green (MG) in aquatic products with recovery of 94.0-115%.…”

“…Target molecules can be selectively enriched and separated by synthesizing proper MIPs with binding site, so different molecules can be purified and separated from complex aquatic samples [58,59,97–105]. Lu et al [101] prepared SPME fiber with hydrophilic MIP coating for selective removal and extraction of trace tetracyclines residues in fish derived foods.…”

Preparation of Ampicillin Surface Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Its Selective Recognition of Ampicillin in Eggs Samples

“…Molecularly imprinted polymers microspheres can simulate antigen recognition by antibodies using molecular recognition holes that match the corresponding template molecules in shape, size, and functional groups [11–14]. MIPs generated using molecular imprinting technology have high selectivity and affinity for specific analytes or a group of structurally relevant compounds [15]. Conventional MIPs are synthesized by bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, and precipitation polymerization [16–18].…”