Determination of the optimal time of vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (Gumboro) in Algeria

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of maternally derived antibody (MDA) on live vaccine against infectious bursal disease. A total of 140 chicks selected from vaccinated parent stock were used in this investigation. In a preset vaccination schedule, blood samples were collected to check for the actual effect. It was noticed that on day 1 the chicks contained a high level (6400.54 ± 2993.67) of maternally derived antibody that gradually decreased below a positive level within 21 days (365.86 ± 634.46). It was found that a high level of MDA interferes with the vaccine virus, resulting in no immune response. For better immune response, it is suggested that the chickens should be vaccinated at day 21, as the uniformity of MDA is poor (coefficient of the variation [CV] > 30%), and boosted at day 28. Indeed, two vaccinations are necessary to achieve good protection against infectious bursal disease virus of the entire flock.

Serological survey of Infectious Bursal Disease Antibodies amongst birds in Keffi, Nassarawa State, Nigeria

“…Therefore, antibodies detected in the birds within 7-11 weeks suggests both effective vaccine sero-conversion and vaccination against infectious bursal disease as there exists a correlation between antibody titres and protection [21] confirming the use of IBD vaccines and vaccination as a routine control protocol adopted by the farmers in this area. This may explain the resultant high IBD seroprevalence in the exotic birds as previously reported in vaccinated commercial broilers in some regional urban areas [3], suggesting vaccination age has more impact on antibody build up post vaccination in young birds as vaccinates show full protection when vaccinated on day 21 and boosted on day 28 [22] as seen in 7-11 weeks birds sampled in this study. Although, birds within 3-6 weeks have been reported to be more susceptible to clinical disease [23] with reports of IBDV outbreaks characterized by high mortality in vaccinated layer birds (28-35 days old) following absence and or low vaccinal immunity due to antigenic differences in field circulating IBD virus and non-homologous vaccine strain commonly used for vaccinations [24].…”

“…Previous report indicates reoccurrence of infectious bursal disease in 15 week old birds [25] suggesting these observed antibodies could be anti-infectious bursal disease virus antibodies in birds over 20 -50 weeks of age following infection due to non-vaccination or administration of booster doses in adult birds with in-active bursa of fabricus. There also exists the possibility that IBD antibodies observed in these birds >50weeks were humoral antibodies due to IBD vaccination as reported in layering birds between 22 antibodies induced by pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus and those induced by attenuated vaccines, serological IBD antibody detection is of particular importance in endemic regions especially Nigeria [9].Species susceptibility in this study also numerically indicates that more adult layering birds had IBDV antibodies as compared with the broilers, although not significant (P>0.05) but confirms previous report [19].…”

Potential and safety tests of egg drop syndrome candidate vaccine from Medan isolate, Indonesia

“…While the antibody titer in the control group of chicken decreased during maintenance period. This may be due to the presence of maternal antibodies due to vaccination in the mother [20,21] and can also result from non-specific infections that reduce general immunity [22].…”

Quantification of Protective Antibody Vaccine-Elicited in Chickens against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

“…However, the chicks are not protected from other highly pathogenic strains that may inflict high mortality rates at later stages [20]. The highest titer level of MDA at day one was 4,448 (G.T.M) but Besseboua et al (2015) [21] noticed that the level was 6,400.54 ± 2,993.67 MDA. Drastically fall the MDA level in broiler breeder Cobb-500 at the age of 14 d. IBD antibody titer level at 50 weeks of age groups indicated that the MT at mid laying stage the titer level was enough to produce high MDA for their offspring.…”