Determination of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties, and Impact Sensitivity of Pressed HMX-based PBX

Li, Yuxiang; Wu, Peng; Hua, Cheng; Wang, Jun; Huang, Bing; Jin, Chen; Qiao, Zhiqiang; Yang, Guangcheng

doi:10.22211/cejem/109717

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Data from Wang et al [1] showed that the higher the porosity of the explosive charge, the higher the impact sensitivity. But the research results of Li et al [2] showed that the impact sensitivity is slightly lower when the charge density is higher. Results from Liu et al [3] showed that friction sensitivity of HMX decreased when the particle size of HMX decreased; but Wang et al [4] got the opposite results for HMX.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In practice, there are some factors influence the mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials, such as crystal type, particle size, additives, and so on. Much confused, in literature, conclusions from different authors are often different, even opposite [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Data from Wang et al [1] showed that the higher the porosity of the explosive charge, the higher the impact sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discussions on Influencing Factors of Mechanical Sensitivities of Energetic Materials Taking Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole -1,1’-diolate as an Example

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Huang³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials are influenced by some factors, such as crystal type, particle size, additives, and so on. In literature, conclusions from different authors are often different, even opposite. In this paper, depending on experimental data by ourselves and amounts of data from literature, we discussed some factors influencing mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials. Results show that impact sensitivities of flaky energetic materials is usually higher than corresponding particle one, and friction sensitivity of energetic materials particles easier to roll is often lower. Although processing additives often lessen the mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials, in some case, mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials with binder increase obviously. The mechanism inducing erratic results of mechanical sensitivities of energetic materials in testing is discussed in this paper, too.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussions on Influencing Factors of Mechanical Sensitivities of Energetic Materials Taking Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole -1,1’-diolate as an Example

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Huang³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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show abstract

“…This may be because the interaction force between these binders and explosives is small, the contact is not close enough or the addition of binders leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of PBXs compared to elemental explosives. In addition, the formation of the interface will affect the thermal conductivity of the PBXs [22][23][24]. The decrease in thermal conductivity will cause the local temperature of PBXs to rise, forming a hot spot, which can cause an explosion if the energy of such a hot spot is too high [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction, Insensitivity and Thermal Conductivity of CL-20/TNT-Based Polymer-Bonded Explosives through Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Xiao

2023

IJMS

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Binders mixed with explosives to form polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) can reduce the sensitivity of the base explosive by improving interfacial interactions. The interface formed between the binder and matrix explosive also affects the thermal conductivity. Low thermal conductivity may result in localized heat concentration inside the PBXs, causing the detonation of the explosive. To investigate the binder–explosive interfacial interactions and thermal conductivity, PBXs with polyurethane as the binder and 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT) co-crystal as the matrix explosive were investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and reverse non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (rNEMD) simulation. The analysis of the pair correlation function revealed that there are hydrogen bonding interactions between Estane5703 and CL-20/TNT. The length of the trigger bonds was adopted as a theoretical criterion of sensitivity, and the effect of polymer binders on the sensibility of PBXs was correlated by analyzing the interfacial trigger bonds and internal trigger bonds of PBXs for the first time. The results indicated that the decrease in sensitivity of CL-20/TNT mainly comes from the CL-20/TNT contact with Estane5703. Therefore, the sensitivity of CL-20/TNT-based PBXs can be further reduced by increasing the contact area between CL-20/TNT and Estane5703. The thermal conductivity of PBXs composed of Estane5703 and CL-20/TNT (0 0 1), (0 1 0) and (1 0 0) crystal planes, respectively, were calculated through rNEMD simulations, and the results showed that only the addition of Estane5703 to the (1 0 0) crystal plane can improve the thermal conductivity of PBX100.

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Effect of Thermal History and Mass Scale on the Thermal Safety of 1,3,5,7‐Tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐Tetrazocane

Jiao

et al. 2020

ChemistrySelect

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The effect of thermal history and mass scale on the thermal safety of Octogen (HMX) were explored by microcalorimetric and differential scanning calorimetry. The autocatalytic properties were verified by isothermal experiments, and the thermal decomposition kinetics was analyzed by Kissinger, Ozawa and Friedman methods. The results indicated that the thermal decomposition process was accomplished under solid state conditions with the heating rates in the range of 0.1–1 °C/min, and the apparent activation energy calculated by isothermal experiment was basically consistent with that calculated by dynamic method. Thermal history experiments presented that the thermal decomposition had autocatalytic properties, which was verified by isothermal experiments. Moreover, thermal history which had great influence on the thermal decomposition kinetics made the apparent activation energy decrease significantly, resulting in safety risk augmentation. Additionally, mass scale had a salient effect on the thermal stability. With the increase of sample mass, the degree of hazard augmented. It is necessary to keep the heat source off and avoid the large mass storage in the industrial production.

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Determination of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties, and Impact Sensitivity of Pressed HMX-based PBX

Abstract: Article is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 license CC BY-NC-ND 3.0.

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Discussions on Influencing Factors of Mechanical Sensitivities of Energetic Materials Taking Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole -1,1’-diolate as an Example

Discussions on Influencing Factors of Mechanical Sensitivities of Energetic Materials Taking Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole -1,1’-diolate as an Example

Interaction, Insensitivity and Thermal Conductivity of CL-20/TNT-Based Polymer-Bonded Explosives through Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Effect of Thermal History and Mass Scale on the Thermal Safety of 1,3,5,7‐Tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐Tetrazocane

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