Determination of Residual Welding Stresses in a Steel Bridge Component by Finite Element Modeling of the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method

Puymbroeck, Evy Van; Nagy, Wim; Schotte, Ken; Ul-Abdin, Zain; Backer, Hans De

doi:10.3390/app9030536

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the subsequent cooling and solidification stage, the larger temperature gradient restricted the shrinkage and deformation of the cladding layer in the surrounding colder area, resulting in inconsistency of volume shrinkage and expansion, mutual restriction and large residual stress. It has been reported in literature that large tensile stress will lead to premature fatigue failure of parts [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The SR heat treatment provided an activation energy, which helped the atoms that deviated from the equilibrium position to return to the equilibrium position, and promoted the precipitation of supersaturated solutes in the lattice, so the residual stress decreased.…”

Section: Test Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal fatigue crack length of the deposited sample was 464 μm, which was higher than that of the SR specimen. Some scholars [21] report that a large residual tensile stress will lead to premature fatigue failure of parts. Compressive stresses are advantageous in terms of fatigue life because they slow down crack propagation [24][25][26].…”

Section: Thermal Fatigue Test Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study on SLM Forming Process, Residual Stress and Thermal Fatigue of 24CrNiMo Alloy Steel

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The selective laser melting (SLM) forming process of 24CrNiMo alloy steel was optimized by orthogonal experiment. The density and microstructure of the sample were analyzed, and the optimized process parameters were as follows: laser power 300 W, scanning speed 530 mm/s. The 24CrNiMo alloy steel samples were prepared with optimized parameters. The relationship between residual stress and thermal fatigue and the effect of stress-relieving annealing (SR) on residual stress were analyzed. The density of the sample was found to increase at first and then to decrease with the increase of laser power and then to decrease with the increase of scanning speed. Increasing the laser power and scanning speed widened and deepened the weld. Under the optimized process window, the formability of 24CrNiMo alloy steel samples was improved significantly. The residual stress distribution was tensile stress, which had a negative effect on the thermal fatigue properties of the sample. After SR, the residual stress changed to compressive stress, which had a positive effect on the thermal fatigue properties of the samples. Compared with the deposited state, the thermal fatigue cracks were significantly shortened after SR, which was able to further promote the improvement of thermal fatigue performance. The gradient residual stress test showed that the gradient residual stress in the edge region and the central region of the deposited sample had the same trend, and decreased gradually from the surface layer to the base layer.

show abstract

Section: Test Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Fatigue Test Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on SLM Forming Process, Residual Stress and Thermal Fatigue of 24CrNiMo Alloy Steel

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conventional repair and retrofit technology of fatigue damages in steel structures include the stop-hole method [11][12][13], weld repair method [14][15][16], reinforcement with steel/carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) plates method [17][18][19][20][21], concrete overlay methodology [22], etc. These methods are common in fatigue reinforcement engineering projects of OSDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrofit Fatigue Cracked Diaphragm Cutouts Using Improved Geometry in Orthotropic Steel Decks

Chen

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diaphragm cutouts are set to release redundant constraints and hence reduce weld fatigue at the connection of U-ribs to diaphragms in orthotropic steel decks. However, most fatigue cracks which originate from the edge of cutouts are in fact detected in the diaphragms. Therefore, a retrofit technology on cracked cutouts at the diaphragm is proposed and applied to the orthotropic steel box girder of a suspension bridge. Firstly, the stress concentration on the cutout is analyzed through refined finite element analyses. Furthermore, the fatigue cracked cutouts are retrofitted by changing their geometrical parameters. Thereafter, an optimized geometry and the size of diaphragm cutouts were confirmed and applied in the rehabilitation of a suspension bridge. On-site wheel load tests were carried out before and after retrofitting of the diaphragm cutout. The stress distributions along the edges of the cutouts and at the side of a diaphragm were measured under a moving vehicle. The stress spectra at two critical locations on the edge of a cutout was obtained under longitudinally and laterally moving vehicles. Finally, the fatigue life of the cutouts is assessed by the modified nominal stress method. The analytical and test results indicate that the wheel loads on the deck transmit stress to the diaphragms through the U-ribs, during the load transmission process, the stress flow is obstructed by diaphragm cutouts, resulting in local stress concentrations around the cutouts. In addition, the overall size of the cutouts should be small, but the radius of the transition arc should be large, thus the stress flow will not be obviously obstructed. After the retrofitting of the cutouts by improved geometry, the maximum stress decreases by 87.6 MPa, which is about 40% of the original stress. The equivalent constant amplitude stress is reduced by 55.2% when the lateral position of the wheel loads is taken into consideration. Based on the stresses obtained by finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental tests, the fatigue lives of the original cutouts are 1.7 and 4.9 years, respectively, which increase to 78.1 and 155.5 years, respectively, after the cutouts were retrofitted, which indicates that the improved geometry and retrofit technology can enhance the fatigue performance and extend the fatigue life of diaphragm cutouts with fatigue cracks.

show abstract

“…This can either be done by the local strain measurement from the strain gauges or by the local stress calculation using the finite element analyses (FEA) method. However, there are several complications associated with the local stress approaches due to inhomogeneous material, welding imperfections, and residual stresses present in weld detail [7,8]. These anomalies are normally found in the areas near to the weld-toe and the weld-root.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Evaluation of Structural Hot-Spot Stress Methods in Rib-To-Deck Joint of Orthotropic Steel Deck

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study numerically investigates the limitations of structural hot-spot stress (SHSS) methods and proposes a guideline for the calculation of hot-spot stresses, which can be used for the better evaluation of fatigue-related problems. Four different SHSS evaluation methods have been applied to the rib-to-deck (RD) welded joint in orthotropic steel deck (OSD). These methods are used to calculate SHSS at this critical joint utilizing finite element analyses (FEA) based software Siemens NX.12. The limitations and the accuracy of these methods have been observed under different element types and meshing techniques. Moreover, the effect of the nodal-averaging feature is being studied. Two types of governing stresses are produced by the application of Eurocode fatigue load model-4. Essentially, the bending in deck-plate produces highly non-linear stress at the deck-toe, and the membrane effect in rib-plate generates linear stress at the rib-toe. Guidelines are proposed considering different parameters on these two stress states by applying SHSS evaluation methods. In comparison to other SHSS approaches, the International Institute of Welding (IIW) quadratic stress extrapolation (QSE) method shows better results for solid single-element, and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) through thickness stress linearization (TTSL) method stands out in solid cubic-mesh technique. In general, shell elements have more consistent SHSS results as compared to solid elements for both stress states.

show abstract

Determination of Residual Welding Stresses in a Steel Bridge Component by Finite Element Modeling of the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Study on SLM Forming Process, Residual Stress and Thermal Fatigue of 24CrNiMo Alloy Steel

Study on SLM Forming Process, Residual Stress and Thermal Fatigue of 24CrNiMo Alloy Steel

Retrofit Fatigue Cracked Diaphragm Cutouts Using Improved Geometry in Orthotropic Steel Decks

A Numerical Evaluation of Structural Hot-Spot Stress Methods in Rib-To-Deck Joint of Orthotropic Steel Deck

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About