Determination of liquid and solid phase composition in partially frozen middle distillate fuels

Winkle, T.L. Van; Affens, W. A.; Beal, Erna J.; Mushrush, George W.; Hazlett, Robert N.; DeGuzman, J.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(87)90326-7

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To solve this problem, researchers usually use two methods to determine the quantity of liquid in the crystalline solid (Winkle et al, 1987;Pauly et al, 1998;Dauphin et al, 1999;Coutinho et al, 2000). One method is using a pigment that can dissolve in the fuel as a tracking reagent; another method is using a substance of reference in the fuel, which would not freeze in the experimental temperature, as the intermediate substance.…”

Section: Influence Of C 14 Mc-ma Copolymers On the Carbon Number Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Alkyl Methacrylate-Maleic Anhydride Copolymers as Pour Point Depressant on Crystallization Behavior of Simulated Diesel Fuel

Song

Han

Ren

2010

Petroleum Science and Technology

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The alkyl methacrylate-maleic anhydride copolymer (RMC-MA) is widely used as a pour point depressant (PPD). In order to develop more efficient RMC-MA, it is necessary to study the crystallization behavior of n-alkanes when adding RMC-MA to diesel fuel. In this study, RMC-MA was prepared by the reaction of long-chain alkyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride. The simulated diesel fuel before and after adding C 14 MC-MA were filtered at the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) in a manual CFPP apparatus. Extensive measurements of the variation of the composition of n-alkanes were done by gas chromatography and the results were compared. The experimental results show that (1) the recovery ratios of the simulated diesel fuel and fuel with additive are 98.6 and 98.1%, respectively; and (2) the distribution of the concentrations of n-alkanes in the filtrate is basically similar to that of the simulated fuel. The distribution of concentrations of n-alkanes in the precipitate exhibits a slight decrease in the concentration of low carbon number nalkanes concomitant with an increase in the concentration of high carbon number n-alkanes; (3) The crystallinity of n-alkanes in simulated diesel fuel and fuel with additive increase with an increase of n-alkanes number.With the C 14 MC-MA copolymers added into simulated diesel fuel, the crystallinity of octadecane and eicosane began to decline, and n-alkanes with carbon number from 12 to 16 show a tiny increased trend.

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Section: Influence Of C 14 Mc-ma Copolymers On the Carbon Number Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Alkyl Methacrylate-Maleic Anhydride Copolymers as Pour Point Depressant on Crystallization Behavior of Simulated Diesel Fuel

Song

Han

Ren

2010

Petroleum Science and Technology

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“…), filled with 3% DEXIL 300 on chromosorb WAW 80/100. Using the measured compositions, the fraction of solute crystallised at each temperature are easily calculated by a mass balance (Van Winkle et al, 1987;Coutinho and Ruffier-Meray, 1997).…”

Section: Crystallisation and Chromatographic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the amount of crystallinity in solutions using DSC

1997

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The amount of solid that forms in a solution at temperatures below the cloud point, is an important quantity in the design of crystallisation processes. A new method using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure the fraction of crystallised solution, as,o,utio,,, is proposed. A very good agreement is obtained between the data measured by the new calorimetric method and using alternative techniques. A simple graphic version of the calculation procedure is also presented. It is shown to produce quick and fair estimates for the solid fraction by a simple analysis of a plot of enthalpy variation with temperature.La quantite de solides qui se forme dans une solution a des temperatures au-dessous du point de trouble est un facteur important dans la conception des procedes de cristallisation. On propose une nouvelle methode utilisant la calorimetrie differentielle a balayage (DSC) afin de mesurer la fraction de solution cristallisee, Un tres bon accord est obtenu entre les donnees mesurees par la nouvelle methode calorimetrique et d'autres techniques utilisees. On version graphique simple de la procedure de calcul est egalement presentee. On montre qu'elle peut produire des estimations rapides et fiabies pour la fraction de solides par simple analyse d'un trace de variation d'enthaipie avec la temperature.Keywords: solid-liquid equilibrium, calorimetry, DSC, crystallisation.he knowledge of the amount of solid precipitating from T a solution is required in designing and operating plants where either crystallisation is promoted for purification purposes or when solid formation is to be prevented, as for instance with the wax deposition problem. For simple systems when the phase diagram is known the evaluation of the hction of precipitated material can be readily obtained by means of a simple calculation. However this is not the case when dealing with complex mixtures for which neither experimental phase diagrams nor calculation procedures exist to estimate the amount of precipitate being formed at a given temperature. For those systems this quantity can only be assessed experimentally.To evaluate the quantity of precipitated forming at a given temperature a crystallisation of the solution problem can be performed measuring directly or indirectly the fraction of solid material (Van Winkle et a1.,1987; Coutinho and Ruffier-Meray, 1997), but this is time consuming and may be a difficult technique if the phases do not separate easily. An alternative method would be the use of the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). This is a well known technique but its use for measuring solid fractions is not well understood and seldom used. The procedure presented in some DSC manuals for these measurements is poorly accurate and, to a large extent, empirical. In this work a new methodology for such measurements, along with its thermodynamical background, will be presented. The assumptions and simplifications used in the derivation of the equations are thoroughly stated and from them the limits of applicability of the techni...

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“…Some experimental techniques reported in literature such as Microscopy and X-ray diffraction are powerful methods to determine the crystal structures but give limited insight into the crystallization process [16], while others methods used to get the liquid-solid equilibrium of paraffins have been used [17][18], but they are very complex due to they require the establishment of the equilibrium at each temperature of interest and the measurement of the composition of the phases present. Finally, visual methods have been also reported to measure solubility and phase behavior of paraffin waxes [1,19]; however, these methods cannot be applied to test dark samples (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%