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In this experimental study is investigated the performance of a new class of zwitterionic liquids (ZL) as multifunctional agents with asphaltene inhibition-dispersion activity as well as rock wettability and relative permeability modification properties to increase oil recovery factor. Asphaltenes isolated from two crude oil samples (light and heavy) and a crude oil sediment were used to evaluate the inhibition-dispersion performance of ZL, whereas two different rock samples were used to carry out the core flooding tests in order to evaluate the influence of the porous media properties on the performance of the ZL product in recovery factor enhancement. Results demonstrated that ZL can be used to control aggregation and deposition of asphaltenes as well as to modify rock wettability in order to increase the oil recovery factor. Finally, in order to explain how the chemical product enhances oil recovery, a mechanism involving oil production and rock wettability alteration is discussed.

The development of new technologies based in the design and application of new molecules to solve problems related to the removal and control of formation damage by organic deposition, viscosity reduction of heavy crude oils as well as to increase the oil recovery factor, is an important challenge in the oil industry. This experimental study reports the influence of a novel supramolecular complex on the removal/control of organic deposition and Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes through core displacements tests at reservoir pressure and temperature conditions. In addition, its capabilities as viscosity reducer for heavy crude oils are also reported. Three different Mexican brine-rock-crude oil systems were used to evaluate the multifunctional properties of the novel supramolecular complex. Results showed a good performance of the capabilities of the supramolecular complex tested to reduce viscosity, remediate organic damage as well as to enhance oil recovery factor. In order to explain the results obtained, an interaction mechanism between the new complex and crude oil heavy fractions on the porous medium, is suggested and discussed, in which phenomena such as oildisaggregation, wettability-alteration and viscosity reduction, take place to carry out the increasing of oil recovery factor and an efficient removal of organic damage.

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The increasing oil demand around the world along with the depletion of onshore and shallow water oil reserves have forced the oil companies moving into the development of deepwater subsea hydrocarbon reservoirs. Drilling fluids play a key role in all drilling operations, but they get a greater relevance in deepwater environments where the technological challenges of drilling at these extreme conditions generate significant operational risks as well as very high costs during the development of this kind of fields. The operational issues and concerns related to the drilling fluid design and application for deepwater fields are generally well known: narrow pore/fracture pressure gradient margins, wellbore stability, clay swelling, gas hydrates formation, formation damage, salt formations, lost circulation, stuck pipe, cuttings transport and environmental and safety aspects. Therefore, the present chapter aims to give an overview on the main challenges and research related to drilling fluid design and application for deepwater fields through the revision of the state of the art of the current and innovative technological solutions reported in literature.

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