Determination of Lead and Arsenic in Tobacco and Cigarettes: an Important Issue of Public Health

Lazarević, Konstansa; Nikolić, Dejan; Stošić, Ljiljana; Milutinović, Suzana; Videnović, Jelena; Bogdanović, Dragan

doi:10.21101/cejph.a3728

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Data on two additional heavy metals associated with smoking [21], arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), are also provided, and we evaluate metal levels by biochemical and distant recurrence status within ever-smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Tissue Metal Levels and Prostate Cancer Recurrence in Smokers

Neslund‐Dudas

Kandegedara

Kryvenko

et al. 2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Although smoking is not associated with prostate cancer risk overall, smoking is associated with prostate cancer recurrence and mortality. Increased cadmium (Cd) exposure from smoking may play a role in progression of the disease. In this study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine Cd, arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) levels in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor and tumor-adjacent non-neoplastic tissue of never- and ever-smokers with prostate cancer. In smokers, metal levels were also evaluated with regard to biochemical and distant recurrence of disease. Smokers (N =25) had significantly higher Cd (median ppb, p =0.03) and lower Zn (p =0.002) in non-neoplastic tissue than never-smokers (N =21). Metal levels were not significantly different in tumor tissue of smokers and non-smokers. Among smokers, Cd level did not differ by recurrence status. However, the ratio of Cd ppb to Pb ppb was significantly higher in both tumor and adjacent tissue of cases with distant recurrence when compared with cases without distant recurrence (tumor tissue Cd/Pb, 6.36 vs. 1.19, p =0.009, adjacent nonneoplastic tissue Cd/Pb, 6.36 vs. 1.02, p =0.038). Tissue Zn levels were also higher in smokers with distant recurrence (tumor, p =0.039 and adjacent non-neoplastic, p =0.028). These initial findings suggest that prostate tissue metal levels may differ in smokers with and without recurrence. If these findings are confirmed in larger studies, additional work will be needed to determine whether variations in metal levels are drivers of disease progression or are simply passengers of the disease process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Tissue Metal Levels and Prostate Cancer Recurrence in Smokers

Neslund‐Dudas

Kandegedara

Kryvenko

et al. 2014

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Mineral matter plays an important role in tobacco metabolism during its growth (Kastori, 1990;Veresoglou et al, 1987). They are particularly important for the combustion process of tobacco, because they affect temperature and combustion conditions and ash characteristics (Lazarević et al, 2012;Nikolić and Josić, 1997;Pyriki and Philipp, 1955). In addition, it is not important only the total content of minerals, but also their relationship (Radojicic et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mineral matter content on static burning rate of Virginia tobacco from different production areas in Serbia

Radojicic

Djulančić

Srbinoska

2015

Industrial Crops and Products

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“…This ability, to accumulate metals, is utilized by modern biotechnology to remove metal contaminations from soil. However, with respect to tobacco farming for cigarette production, this ability of N. tabacum becomes a health threatening problem [3].In fact, toxic metals such as Arsenic, cobalt , cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, iron, nickel, manganese and zinc are found in different cigarette brands [4,5] .Some of these elements are toxic for humans, even at very low levels of intake. The three of the most prevalent chemicals being cadmium, nickel, and lead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the level of Some Heavy Metals in Tobacco of Domestic and Imported Cigarette Brands Used in Iraq

Karbon¹,

Ali²,

J.Hasan³

et al. 2015

Baghdad Sci.J

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Smoking-related diseases can be attributed to the inhalation of many different toxins, including heavy metals, which have a host of harmful health effects. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether local and imported cigarette brands used in Iraq , have they elevated levels of metals or not .Three metals Lead (Pb) , Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium(Cr) were determined in tobacco of seventeen brands of imported cigarettes commonly available in Iraq and three Iraqi domestic cigarettes , which were randomly taken from retail market in Baghdad by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The produced data of imported and local cigarette brands were discussed and compared together and with studies from elsewhere .The results obtained showed that mean concentrations of lead for all cigarette brands was 5.87 ?g/g dry weight (range 2.27-11,67 ?g/g) , cadmium 0.57?g/g dry weight (range 0.1-1.57 ?g/g) and chromium 3.77?g/g dry weight (range 0.0-11.21 ?g/g) ..There was a large variability in Pb, Cd and Cr content of samples of cigarettes. Pb concentration was the highest, followed by Cr while Cd was the lowest. The investigation confirmed that most of the Iraqi and imported cigarettes in Iraq are contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Cr and quantitatively their distribution is clearly above the safer limits of WHO.

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Determination of Lead and Arsenic in Tobacco and Cigarettes: an Important Issue of Public Health

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Prostate Tissue Metal Levels and Prostate Cancer Recurrence in Smokers

Prostate Tissue Metal Levels and Prostate Cancer Recurrence in Smokers

Influence of mineral matter content on static burning rate of Virginia tobacco from different production areas in Serbia

Evaluation of the level of Some Heavy Metals in Tobacco of Domestic and Imported Cigarette Brands Used in Iraq

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