Determination of in-plane elastic properties of rice husk composite

Jearanaisilawong, Petch; Eahkanong, Shayanin; Phungsara, Bundit; Manonukul, Anchalee

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.03.042

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Table 2 shows elasticity modulus and tensile strength of the composites. There is an increase in elastic modulus with the insertion of the dispersed phase for both polymeric matrices [2], which was justified by the higher stiffness of the fillers (rice hulls: 2.5 GPa [4] and paper: > 4 GPa [10]) and the significant amount of filler used (80% in volume). This effect is more pronounced for PU because of its very low original modulus.…”

Section: Physical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jearanaisilawong et al [4] molded rice hulls/polypropylene composites with 5-20% filler weight fraction. They observed an increase in failure load of the composite at 5% mass fraction and a decrease for higher weight fractions and the reinforcing effect of rice hull regarding stiffness and elongation at break saturated at around 15% weight fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

et al. 2017

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Concerns for the environment are recurrent in our society, and research on low impact materials such as those produced from waste is an alternative. This work is based on the reuse of scrap paper and rice hulls aiming to increase the life cycle of these waste products and to find better destination. Composites with a volumetric filler content (dispersed phase) of 80% were produced via compression molding using polyurethane (PU) based on castor oil or polyester resin as matrix, in four distinct families: polyester/rice hulls, PU/rice hulls, polyester/paper and PU/paper. The following tests were performed: water sorption, contact angle, hardness, impact and tensile testing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for fracture morphology study. Basic visual analysis showed greater void content for the rice hull composites, making them less aesthetically appealing compared to paper. It was observed in the case of PU matrix the filler greatly influenced the rigidity since this pure material was more flexible compared to pure polyester. Filler incorporation decreased tensile strength of the polyester matrix but significantly increased that of the PU matrix.

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Section: Physical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

et al. 2017

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“…One of the many natural fibers found in Indonesia is rice husks. Rice husk is an inexpensive natural fiber material that can be used as a biocomposite to strengthen polypropylene polymers [1]. Rice husk is the remaining of rice processing whose utilization is not efficient and economical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Injection Molding Process Parameters using Combination of Backpropagation Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Optimization Method

Wahjudi

Salamoni²,

Batan

et al. 2021

JMES Int. Journal of Mech. Eng. Sc.

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The polymer matrix composite (PMC) in use today is generally made of synthetic fibers which are expensive and not environmentally friendly. The use of synthetic fibers can be replaced with natural fibers, which are more environmentally friendly at a lower price. The natural fiber material used in this study is made from husks, with a particle size of 500 µm (mesh 35). In the PMC manufacturing process, rice husks are mixed with polypropylene (PP) and maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) with a composition of 10 wt% RH, 85 wt% PP and 5 wt% MAPP. PMC materials using natural fibers are called biocomposite materials. The result of mixing PMC with natural fibers in the form of pellets is then carried out by the injection process using an injection molding machine. The printed results are in the form of tensile test specimens based on ASTM D 638-03 type V testing standards and impact test specimens based on ASTM D 256-04 testing standards. The research was conducted by optimizing the responses i.e. tensile strength and impact strength of the biocomposite material in the injection molding machine process, whereas varied process parameters, namely barrel temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, injection velocity were selected as process parameters. The backpropagation neural network (BPNN) training method is used to recognize the pattern of the relationship between process parameters and response parameters based on the previous experiment, while the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method is to determine the variation settings for process parameters that can optimize tensile and impact strength. The results of the BPNN training have a 4-9-9-2 network architecture consisting of 4 input layers, 2 hidden layers with 9 neurons, and 2 neurons in the output layer. Optimization with GA produces a combination of variable process parameters barrel temperature 217•C, injection pressure 55 Bar, holding pressure 41 Bar and injection velocity 65 mm/sec. The results of statistical validation using one sample T test show that the average value of tensile strength and impact strength from the results of the confirmation experiment is the same as the value of the tensile strength and impact strength of the optimization prediction.

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“…14 Such remarkable achievements have made rice husk a popular composite filler. In recent years, much research has been done to investigate various aspects of polymer/rice husk NFCs such as the durability, 15,16 in-plane elastic properties, 17 thermal conductivity, 18 processability, 19,20 dielectric properties 21 and even hybrid composites 22,23 for various applications. Most of the studies showed positive results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foam extrusion of polypropylene–rice husk composites using CO₂ as the blowing agent

Yeh

Yang

Han

et al. 2019

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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The biodegradability and low cost of natural fibers make them attractive for composite applications. However, the density of natural fibers is higher than that of polymers, which increases the density of natural fiber composites. This drawback could be reduced by foaming. In this study, a polypropylene/rice husk natural fiber composite was extrusion foamed by a single-screw extruder using CO2 as the blowing agent. The effects of coupling agent, screw rotation speed, CO2 content, and die temperature on the cell structure were studied. Because moisture and volatile organic compounds from rice husks could be released during the extrusion process and deteriorate the cell structure, the thermal degradation behavior of rice husks was simulated using thermogravimetric analysis. The experiment results showed that the addition of a coupling agent improved the cell morphology and reduced the cell size of the composite. Before the coupling agent was added, there was a clear relation between the foam density and both the screw speed and the CO2 loading level. However, the relation disappeared after the coupling agent was added. The foam density decreased much more significantly with the decreasing die temperature. The lowest foam density achieved in this experiment was 0.6 g/cm3. Melt fracture phenomena were observed when the die temperature was below 160°C. In addition, a bouquet-like anisotropic cell structure was observed at a low die temperature of 147°C.

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Determination of in-plane elastic properties of rice husk composite

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

Determination of Injection Molding Process Parameters using Combination of Backpropagation Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Optimization Method

Foam extrusion of polypropylene–rice husk composites using CO₂ as the blowing agent

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Determination of in-plane elastic properties of rice husk composite

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

Reuse of waste paper and rice hulls as filler in polymeric matrix composites

Determination of Injection Molding Process Parameters using Combination of Backpropagation Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Optimization Method

Foam extrusion of polypropylene–rice husk composites using CO2 as the blowing agent

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Foam extrusion of polypropylene–rice husk composites using CO₂ as the blowing agent