Determination of Human Thrombin-Antithrombin III Complex in Plasma with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Abstract

SummaryAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the determination of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in human plasma. The test system follows the sandwich principle and uses two different antibodies directed against human thrombin and human antithrombin III, respectively. The antibodies bind selectively to the corresponding antigen moieties of TAT. The assay was calibrated with definite concentrations of preformed purified TAT added to TAT-poor plasma. The lower limit of sensitivity of the assay was 0.5 μg/1. Mean coefficients of variation of 4.2% (intraassay) and 3.5% (interassay) were found for TAT concentrations between 2 and 60 μg/1. A reference range from 0.85 to 3.2 μg/1 was calculated from TAT concentration in plasma samples from 88 healthy donors (mean value ± SD: 1.45 ± 0.4 μg/I). In plasma samples from patients with pulmonary embolism (n = 17), TAT concentrations between 3 and 25 μg/1 were measured. In 15 patients with deep vein thrombosis, TAT was found up to 3 to 25 μg/1. From these data we conclude that measurement of TAT can be a sensitive parameter for specific detection of a latent activation of the clotting pathway.

Hemostatic markers and the sepsis‐related organ failure assessment score in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation in an intensive care unit

“…Both criteria are scoring systems based on global coagulation tests such as fibrinogen, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP), platelet counts, and prothrombin time (PT). Hemostatic molecular markers such as D-dimers [7], soluble fibrin (SF) [8], thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) [9], plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex (PPIC) [10], and thrombomodulin (TM) [11] can be also measured. However, these latter markers are very sensitive but not specific for DIC.…”

Impact of Decreased Renal Function on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

“…To address this issue, we investigated the influence of renal function on coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with NVAF, measuring the hemostatic markers, thrombinantithrombin complex (TAT; index of thrombin formation) 10 and D-dimer (index of fibrinolytic response). 11,12 …”

Pharmacokinetic (PK) Characteristics in Critically Ill Patients

“…Plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) is a marker of intravascular thrombin formation, reflecting enhancement of intravascular coagulation [29]. In vitro thrombin application itself increases the permeability of endothelial cell monolayer [30]; however, it is still unknown whether AT levels after AT administration would change depending on TAT levels in patients with DIC.…”