Determination of homologous distributions of bisEMA dimethacrylates in bulk-fill resin-composites by GC–MS

Durner, Jürgen; Schrickel, Klaus; Watts, David C.; Ilie, Nicoleta

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2015.02.006

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This element offers better photocuring reactivity than CQ, resulting in a high R max . TNC also had an ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA) matrix that is similar to Bis-GMA but less viscous due to the lack of 2 hydroxyl groups, thereby increasing its R max [38]. Among the bulk-fill materials, TNC presented the highest shrinkage strain and R max compared with the other investigated materials, and this should be remembered when TNC is used clinically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and degree of conversion of resin composites

Wang

et al. 2020

J Oral Sci

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This study compared shrinkage strain, polymerization shrinkage kinetics, and degree of conversion (DC) of a set of resin composites and investigated their influencing factors. Ten commercial resin composites were assessed, and 5 specimens (n = 5) were developed for material and subjected to light curing using light emitting diode light at 650 mW/cm 2 for 40 s. The laser triangulation method was adopted to assess the shrinkage strain, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to measure DC. The shrinkage strain was monitored for 5 min in real time and its data were subjected to differential calculations to get the shrinkage strain rate curve with respect to time, obtaining the maximum shrinkage strain rate (R max) and gel time. The values of shrinkage strain varied from 1.28% to 2.10%. The R max values were between 5.17 μm/s and 21.83 μm/s. Gel time values varied from 3.08 s to 4.32 s. The DC yielded values ranging from 53.62% to 87.01%. The values of polymerization shrinkage and DC were dependent on the composition of materials, including the monomer matrix and filler system. Compared to the micro-filler materials, the nanofiller resin composites had higher values of DC. Some resin composites are suitable for clinical applications because of their superior polymerization shrinkage properties and DC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and degree of conversion of resin composites

Wang

et al. 2020

J Oral Sci

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“…Recent work has indicated that in the groups, which have high molecular weight of ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (BisEMA), is a matrix type of composite materials and more toxic effect was observed in these materials [ 68 ]. Similarly in the present study, the material contents of the groups were examined and it was observed that BisEMA was high especially in FBF and XB groups having high toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and biological effects of bulk fill composites on rat cortical neuron cells

Kamalak

Taghizadehghalehjoughi

et al. 2018

Odontology

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The aim of this study was to investigate potential cellular responses and biological effects of new generation dental composites on cortical neuron cells in two different exposure times. The study group included five different bulk-fill flow able composites; Surefil SDR Flow, X-tra Base Flow, Venus Bulk Flow, Filtek Bulk Flow and Tetric-Evo Flow. They were filled in Teflon molds (Height: 4 mm, Width: 6 mm) and irradiated for 20 s. Cortical neuron cells were inoculated into 24-well plates. After 80% of the wells were coated, the 3 µm membrane was inserted and dental filling materials were added. The experiment was continued for 24 and 72 h. Cell viability measured by MTT assay test, total antioxidant and total oxidant status were examined using real assay diagnostic kits. The patterns of cell death (apoptosis) were analyzed using annexin V-FITC staining with flow cytometry. Β-defensins were quantitatively assessed by RT-PCR. IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 cytokines were measured from the supernatants. All composites significantly affected analyses parameters during the exposure durations. Our data provide evidence that all dental materials tested are cytotoxic in acute phase and these effects are induced cellular death after different exposure periods. Significant cytotoxicity was detected in TE, XB, SS, FBF and VBF groups at 24 and 72 h, respectively.

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“…Compared to other composite resin monomers, BisEMA is not a single monomer molecule, rather belonging to a large series of ethoxylated bisphenol A-based dimethacrylates with an ethoxylation reaction of a very reactive ethylene oxide [ 56 , 57 ]. Therefore, the ethoxylation reaction is unselective and difficult to control, leading to different ethoxylated products and byproducts, which must be separated analytically [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degree of Conversion and BisGMA, TEGDMA, UDMA Elution from Flowable Bulk Fill Composites

Lempel

Czibulya

Kovàcs

et al. 2016

IJMS

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The degree of conversion (DC) and the released bisphenol A diglycidyl ether dimethacrylate (BisGMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) monomers of bulk-fill composites compared to that of conventional flowable ones were assessed using micro-Raman spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four millimeter-thick samples were prepared from SureFil SDR Flow (SDR), X-tra Base (XB), Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF) and two and four millimeter samples from Filtek Ultimate Flow (FUF). They were measured with micro-Raman spectroscopy to determine the DC% of the top and the bottom surfaces. The amount of released monomers in 75% ethanol extraction media was measured with HPLC. The differences between the top and bottom DC% were significant for each material. The mean DC values were in the following order for the bottom surfaces: SDR_4mm_20s > FUF_2mm_20s > XB_4mm_20s > FBF_4mm_20s > XB_4mm_10s > FBF_4mm_10s > FUF_4mm_20s. The highest rate in the amount of released BisGMA and TEGDMA was found from the 4 mm-thick conventional flowable FUF. Among bulk-fills, FBF showed a twenty times higher amount of eluted UDMA and twice more BisGMA; meanwhile, SDR released a significantly higher amount of TEGDMA. SDR bulk-fill showed significantly higher DC%; meanwhile XB, FBF did not reach the same level DC, as that of the 2 mm-thick conventional composite at the bottom surface. Conventional flowable composites showed a higher rate of monomer elution compared to the bulk-fills, except FBF, which showed a high amount of UDMA release.

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Determination of homologous distributions of bisEMA dimethacrylates in bulk-fill resin-composites by GC–MS

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and degree of conversion of resin composites

Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and degree of conversion of resin composites

Cytotoxic and biological effects of bulk fill composites on rat cortical neuron cells

Degree of Conversion and BisGMA, TEGDMA, UDMA Elution from Flowable Bulk Fill Composites

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