Determination of heavy metal concentration in feed and permeate streams of polymer enhanced ultrafiltration process

Removal of chromium ions from aqueous solutions by polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration

“…In this work, the C P represents the average chromium species concentration throughout the UF run [14][15][16]. The used membrane was immediately flushed with deionized water after UF, and then, cleaned in sequence by rinsing with 0.1 M NaOH and 100 ppm NaOCl.…”

“…These large molecules, having a larger molecular weight than the molecular weight cut off of the membrane, will be retained, while the non-complexed ions pass through the membrane. With this method, using different water-soluble polymers or introducing new functional groups to the polymer, it is possible to achieve selective separation and recovery of heavy metals with low energy requirements [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Sorption and filtration of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions with a membrane containing poly(ethyleneimine) as a complexing polymer

“…Among the membrane techniques, those based on complexation show a high efficiency [2,3]. The use of chelating polymers would be advantageous in environmental applications because metal uptake would take place in the bulk of the membranes and not only at their surfaces [2,13,14].…”

“…Thus, the membranes would retain the metal ions during the filtration. This technique is an improvement of the method named polymerassisted ultrafiltration (PAUF) [5,14,15], which consists in adding a complexing water-soluble polymer that binds with the cations to be removed, forming complexes of large size that are subsequently retained by an UF membrane. The first advantage of complexing membranes is that the amount of polymer used is much lower than in PAUF.…”

Comparison of acidic polymers for the removal of cobalt from water solutions by polymer assisted ultrafiltration

“…Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is quite effective in removing metal ions such as Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ [8], Cu 2+ [9], Zn 2+ [10], Co 2+ [11][12][13], Cr 3+ , Cr 4+ [14] and Ni [15]. Polyallylamine has been also reported to bind metal ions like Cu 2+ , Co 2 and Ni 2+ [16,17].…”