Determination of fentanyl and alfentanil in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection

Kumar, Karunesh; Morgan, Denis J.; Crankshaw, D. P.

doi:10.1016/0378-4347(87)80317-1

Cited by 60 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Immunoassay [20][21][22][23], high-performance liquid chromatography combined with ultraviolet detection [24], and several gas chromatographic methods [25][26][27][28] have been described. More recent studies were mostly based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [29] or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) techniques [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal outcome in a child after ingestion of a transdermal fentanyl patch

et al. 2006

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The case history and toxicological findings of a fatal fentanyl intoxication due to ingestion of a transdermal patch are presented. A 1-year-old otherwise healthy girl was put to bed and 2 h later she was found dead. The autopsy revealed a 25-microg/h (4.2 mg) transdermal fentanyl patch in the stomach. Toxicological analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with positive electrospray ionization yielded fentanyl and norfentanyl concentrations in the peripheral blood of 5.6 and 5.9 ng/ml, heart blood 19.0 and 8.9 ng/ml, and liver 235 and 26 ng/g, respectively. The cause of death was determined to be a fentanyl overdose. The investigation established that the child has unintentionally swallowed the patch, which had been lying on the floor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal outcome in a child after ingestion of a transdermal fentanyl patch

et al. 2006

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“…The method was modified for micro volumes from the method previously reported by Kumar et al [17]. Data acquisition was accomplished using Waters Millennium software.…”

Section: Measurement Of Fentanylmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacodynamic Effects and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Continuous Infusion Fentanyl in Newborn Piglets

Rajan

Beharry²,

Williams³

et al. 1998

Neonatology

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The objective of this study was to determine hemodynamic effects and pharmacokinetic profiles of fentanyl with continuous infusion in 1- to 3-day-old newborn piglets. The piglets (n = 6) were administered a loading dose of fentanyl at 30 µg/kg i.v. over 15 min followed by a continuous i.v. infusion at 10 µg/kg/h for 6 h. The control group (n = 8) received equivalent volume bolus and infusion of 5% dextrose. Blood samples were obtained serially from systemic circulation and sagittal sinus vein for measurement of plasma fentanyl, pH and blood gases. Plasma fentanyl achieved steady state levels by 30 min of infusion both in the systemic (202.7 ± 39.1 ng/ml) and sagittal sinus vein (136.7 ± 20.7 ng/ml). Fentanyl caused a transient increase in respiratory rate at 2 h. Heart rate was significantly elevated at 30 min and 6 h during infusion but systemic and sagittal sinus vein blood pressure remained unchanged. Systemic and sagittal sinus vein PO₂ were significantly decreased from 2 through 6 h of infusion. Compared to the control group, there was a 56% (p < 0.01) decrease in sagittal sinus vein O₂ content at 30 min of infusion, an effect which lasted up to 6 h (47%, p < 0.01). Fractional O₂ extraction by the brain increased significantly at 30 min (26%, p < 0.01) and remained elevated throughout the infusion time (22%, p < 0.05 at 6 h). Brain fractional O₂ extraction increased as a function of brain fractional fentanyl extraction (r² = 0.40, p < 0.001). Mean clearance was estimated as 56.2 ± 13.7 ml/kg/h (range 43.5–76.9 ml/kg/h), mean volume of distribution at steady state was 1.29 ± 0.6 liters/kg (range 0.78–2.15 liters/kg) and the mean half-life was 15.7 ± 5.7 h (range 9.4–22.5 h). These data suggest that increased systemic oxygen may be necessary to maintain normal cerebral oxygen extraction during fentanyl anesthesia/analgesia.

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“…Due to the low plasma concentration of fentanyl after analgesic dose, the development of a sensitive assay, which enables the quantitation in the lower pg/mL range is required [1]. There were many analytical methods of fentanyl had been reported, such as LC/UV [2,3], GC/MS [4][5][6][7][8], immunoassay [9][10][11], LC/MS [12,13] and LC/MS/MS [14][15][16][17]. Among these methods, LC/UV and immunoassay methods show lack of sensitivity, low precision and tend to suffer from cross-interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%