Determination of chlorine containing species in explosive residues using chip-based isotachophoresis

Prest, Jeff E.; Beardah, Matthew S.; Baldock, Sara J.; Doyle, Seán; Fielden, Peter R.; Goddard, N J; Brown, Bernard J. Treves

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.013

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For example, in the field of water analysis only a limited number of relevant papers can be found [7,16,[24][25][26][27]32]. Bodor et al [7] reported on isotachophoresis (ITP) determination of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, nitrite, fluoride and phosphate at pH 3.5 on a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microchip using contact conductivity detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although we can see significant efforts in developments of MCE [7,12,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], applications of this technology in analytical practice are still rather scarce. For example, in the field of water analysis only a limited number of relevant papers can be found [7,16,[24][25][26][27]32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of chloride, sulfate and nitrate in drinking water by microchip electrophoresis

et al. 2012

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We report on a method for simultaneous determination of chloride, sulfate and nitrate in drinking water by microchip electrophoresis. By adjusting a pH value of 4.2 in the aspartate background electrolyte, and by applying separation mechanisms via the ionic strength effect (bis-tris propane) and association equilibria (N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate), a complete resolution of analytes from other co-migrating constituents is accomplished. In addition, isotachophoretic preconcentration of nitrate was implemented directly on the microchip. The ions were detected via conductivity measurements after injecting 900-nL samples. The limits of detection range from 40 to 120 μg L -1 . The method displays a high reproducibility of the migration velocities under suppressed hydrodynamic and electroosmotic flow and therefore allows for a precise quantitation of analytes. The total analysis time is <450 s, and the working range is up to 60 mg L -1 for chloride and sulfate, and of up to 20 mg L -1 for nitrate. Filtration and degassing are the only sample treatment steps prior to analysis. The use of an internal standard enabled an easy chip-to-chip transfer of the method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of chloride, sulfate and nitrate in drinking water by microchip electrophoresis

et al. 2012

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“…Computer simulations of ITP processes are reviewed in Section , followed by sections on analytical μ‐ITP, preconcentration μ‐ITP, transient ITP (t‐ITP) on‐a‐chip, peak mode ITP , gradient elution μ‐ITP, and free‐flow μ‐ITP . This review concludes with tables listing conditions to analyze or concentrate a variety of analytes and samples with a summary of the key experimental conditions extracted from original publications provided in Supporting Information Tables 1–3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic isotachophoresis: A review

et al. 2013

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Electromigration methods including CE and ITP are attractive for incorporation in microfluidic devices because they are relatively easily adaptable to miniaturization. After its popularity in the 1970s, ITP has made a comeback in microfluidic format (μ-ITP, micro-ITP) driven by the advantages of the steady-state boundary, the self-focusing effect, and the ability to aid in preconcentrating analytes in the sample while removing matrix components. In this review, we provide an overview of the developments in the area of μ-ITP in a context of the historic developments with a focus on recent developments in experimental and computational ITP and discuss possible future trends. The chip-ITP areas and topics discussed in this review and the corresponding sections include: PC simulations and modeling, analytical μ-ITP, preconcentration ITP, transient ITP, peak mode ITP, gradient elution ITP, and free-flow ITP, while the conclusions provide a critical summary and outlook. The review also contains experimental conditions for μ-ITP applications to real-world samples from over 50 original journal publications.

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“…Details of the separation conditions for bidirectional ITP are given in their paper [42]. More recently the groups' work on miniaturized ITP systems has focussed on analysis of explosive residues [19]. Hirokawa and co-workers used ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a chelating agent to modify a variety of different metal cations and then began separation.…”

Section: Isotachophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With an increasing demand to perform detailed analysis out in the field, it is no surprise that there have been a large number of attempts at incorporating separation technologies into portable instruments. There have been two primary routes towards the development of portable CE systems: utilizing a shortened capillary or through the use of chip-based micromanufacturing solutions [5,6,11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The majority of the reported work relates to field-portable or point-of-care devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the development of truly portable andin-situcapillary electrophoresis systems

Lewis

Cranny

Harris

et al. 2013

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique which uses an electric field to separate a mixed sample into its constituents. Portable CE systems enable this powerful analysis technique to be used in the field. Many of the challenges for portable systems are similar to those of autonomous in-situ analysis and therefore portable systems may be considered a stepping stone towards autonomous in-situ analysis. CE is widely used for biological and chemical analysis and example applications include: water quality analysis; drug development and quality control; proteomics and DNA analysis; counter-terrorism (explosive material identification) and corrosion monitoring. The technique is often limited to laboratory use, since it requires large electric fields, sensitive detection systems and fluidic control systems. All of these place restrictions in terms of: size, weight, cost, choice of operating solutions, choice of fabrication materials, electrical power and lifetime. In this review we bring together and critique the work by researchers addressing these issues. We emphasize the importance of a holistic approach for portable and in-situ CE systems and discuss all the aspects of the design. We identify gaps in the literature which require attention for the realization of both truly portable and in-situ CE systems.

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Determination of chlorine containing species in explosive residues using chip-based isotachophoresis

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Determination of chloride, sulfate and nitrate in drinking water by microchip electrophoresis

Determination of chloride, sulfate and nitrate in drinking water by microchip electrophoresis

Microfluidic isotachophoresis: A review

Review on the development of truly portable andin-situcapillary electrophoresis systems

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