Determination of Amikacin in Dog Plasma by Reversed-Phase Ion-Pairing Liquid Chromatography with Post-Column Derivatization

Selective kinetic determination of amikacin in serum using long-wavelength fluorimetry

“…The combined use of a long-wavelength fluorophor together with dynamic measurements contributes to obtain the spectral and temporal discrimination of the analytical signal, attaining the required selectivity for the application of the method to the analysis of serum samples. Although the dilution factor of the sample is relatively high, no sample preconcentration methods are used, because the sensitivity achieved with the method is adequate for amikacin levels in serum and only a simple deproteinisation step, common to some of the previously reported systems [1,13] is needed. lnvestigación del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia) Grant no.…”

“…Nitrophenylation reagents [8][9][10], 1-naphtylisothiocyanate [11], 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene [12] have been used to develop HPLC methods with UV detection for amikacin determination in plasma. The use of o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been reported in some chromatographic methods involving post-column derivatisation [13,14] in which the analyte is separated from plasma matrix through the formation of ion pairs using alkylsulphonate compounds as reagents at pH 3.0. The formation of ion pairs has been also used for the development of liquid chromatography methods incorporating electrochemical detection [15,16] and they have been mostly applied to the analysis of bulk pharmaceutical samples.…”

Bioanalysis of aminoglycosides using high-performance liquid chromatography

“…Solvents that were used for PPT included acetonitrile for the extraction of netilmicin, amikacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, etimicin, neomycin, and isepamicin [6,15,21,23,32,[37][38][39][40]42,68,[73][74][75][76]78,79,82,86]; trichloroacetic acid for the extraction of geneticin, spectinomycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, hygromycin, apramycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, amikacin, neomycin, and paromomycin [29,34,35,57,61,72,81]; methanol for the extraction of geneticin, amikacin, tobramycin, sisomicin, and netilmicin [29,41,48]; perchloric acid for the extraction of kanamycin, dibekacin, arbekacin, and streptomycin [26,33,49,51]; formic acid for the extraction of amikacin [84,85]; and methylene chloride for the extraction of isepamicin [62]. PPT aids in reducing interference during derivatization [7], and this may have accounted for its use by 41 articles.…”

“…In all the 51 articles that used fluorescence or UV detection, only 3 articles did not use derivatization for the detection of streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, and sisomicin [27,30,54]. The most common derivatizing agent used in the bioanalysis of aminoglycosides was o-phthalaldehyde; reported by 24 articles for the derivatization of gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, netilmicin, isepamicin, sisomicin, neomycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, astromicin, and micronomicin [6,14,20,[22][23][24][25][26]28,36,37,43,44,48,50,52,53,55,[57][58][59]61,62,66]. Dansyl chloride for the derivatization of netilmicin [21]; 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene for the derivatization of geneticin, gentamicin, and amikacin [29,38,41,45,56,64]; 7-fluoro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3diazole for the derivatization of amikacin [74]; benzene sulphonyl chloride for the derivatization of gentamicin [39]; 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysucciminidylcarbamate for the derivatization of isepamicin [76]; fluorescamine for the derivatization of gentamicin, and tobramycin [40,80]; 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate for the derivatization of amikacin, and tobramycin …”

Determination of amikacin in body fluid by high-performance liquid-chromatography with chemiluminescence detection

“…The following conclusions can be drawn. First, reversed-phase ion-pairing HPLC has been widely used for this purpose with UV [8,24] and fluorescence [25] detection, the latter by using post-column derivatization with OPA. As expected, the OPA method provides higher sensitivity with a LOD of 125 g/l.…”