Determination of aflatoxins in imported rice to Iran

Mazaheri, Mansooreh

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.05.027

Cited by 74 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…So, it is necessary for local farmers and food factories to implement strict measures and to improve storage conditions. However, according to the present findings, the contamination levels of AFs (with a mean of 0.65 mg/kg) in rice collected from China are very low compared with previous reports (Majeed et al, 2013;Makun et al 2011;Mazaheri, 2009;Reddy et al, 2009) and with the regulated safe consumption levels established in most countries. In addition, the incidence level and contamination level of OTA in rice samples was also low in our study.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 77%

Occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in rice samples from six provinces in China

et al. 2015

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 77%

Occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in rice samples from six provinces in China

et al. 2015

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“…In basmati rice, and for samples collected in 2010 (n=22), AFs were detectable in about 70% of the samples, with a maximum value (total AFs) of 1.53 μg/kg. Similar reports from Sweden (Fredlund et al 2009) and Iran (Mazaheri 2009) confirm that AFs are common contaminants in rice.…”

Section: Afs In Cereals and Tree Nutssupporting

confidence: 68%

Mycotoxins in foods in Lower Saxony (Germany): results of official control analyses performed in 2009

Reinhold

Reinhardt

2011

Mycotox Res

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In this presentation, the mycotoxin levels-as analysed by the analytical centre for mycotoxin surveillance of the state food laboratory (LAVES Braunschweig)-for approximately 500 food samples are reported. The samples were collected in the year 2009 at retail in the German federal state of Lower Saxony. Aflatoxin and ochratoxin A were analysed in dried fruits, spices, cereals and tree nuts. Ochratoxin A was detected in all samples of dried vine fruits, at levels up to 8.1 μg/kg. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were also found in nutmeg and curry powder: the maximum regulatory levels for aflatoxins were exceeded in 25% of the nutmeg samples. Nearly all samples of basmati rice contained aflatoxins, although at levels below the maximum regulatory level in all but one sample. Aflatoxins were also detected in about 50% of hazelnut samples, in 20% of the samples the maximum levels was exceeded (maximum 23.2 μg/kg). In contrast, aflatoxin contents in pistachios were surprisingly low. Fusarium toxins were analysed in cereals and cereal products such as flour, bread, and pasta. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was the predominant toxin found in these samples: DON was found in about 40% of the samples, although the maximum levels were not exceeded (max. 418 μg/kg). Fumonisins (FBs) and zearalenone (ZEA) were specifically analysed in maize products (snacks, flour and oil). Most of these samples (80%) were positive, but at levels not exceeding the maximum levels. Maximum levels were 98 μg/kg (ZEA) and 577 μg/kg (sum of FB1 and FB2). Ergot alkaloids (six major alkaloids) were analysed in rye flour, and approximately 50% were positive. The highest concentration of ergot alkaloids was 1,063 μg/kg; the predominant alkaloids were ergotamine and ergocristine. In conclusion, the results indicate that continuous and efficient control measures for mycotoxins in a wide range of critical foods are necessary to ensure compliance with maximum levels. Although the mycotoxin levels in the vast majority of samples were below maximum levels, year-to-year variation and changes in the production of relevant commodities may result in a different picture in the future.

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“…The mean contamination level (2.09 ng/g) was lower than the maximum tolerated level (MTL). The MTL of AFT in rice in Iran was also lower than maximum level of AFT in European standards (EU) for maximum tolerated levels (MTL) of AFT (4 ng/g), and only nine samples had levels more than the maximum tolerated level (MTL) of EU in AFT (22). The results showed AFT contamination of maize and brown rice in Liaoning province in China was lower than other region in Asia and the regulated safe consumption level established by most countries (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Aflatoxin in the Imported Rice in Zahedan, South-East of Iran, 2011

2013

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Background: Rice is common foodstuffs in Iran. Aflatoxin contamination of rice can be hazardous human health and causes economic problems. Objectives: Determination of Aflatoxin levels was investigated on the imported rice which is consumed as the main food in this area. Materials and Methods: Two hundred samples of imported rice consisting; yellow (100) and white (100) rice were selected randomly. These samples were assessed for Aspergillus infection and the Aflatoxins B, G was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results:The results showed, 33% and 47% of yellow and white rice samples had contaminated 0.34 and 0.58 part per billion (ppb) with Aflatoxin B1 respectively. It was observed 13% and 21% following samples had also contaminated 0.06 and 0.08 ppb Aflatoxin B2 respectively. The levels of G1 and G2 Aflatoxins were impossible to identify in these samples. Conclusions: According to proposed standards, none of the imported rice sample had not contaminated more than the maximum allowable concentrations of Aflatoxin.

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Determination of aflatoxins in imported rice to Iran

Cited by 74 publications

References 1 publication

Occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in rice samples from six provinces in China

Occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in rice samples from six provinces in China

Mycotoxins in foods in Lower Saxony (Germany): results of official control analyses performed in 2009

Determination of Aflatoxin in the Imported Rice in Zahedan, South-East of Iran, 2011

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