Determinants of Total Body and Regional Bone Mineral Density in Normal Postmenopausal Women—A Key Role for Fat Mass

Reid, Ian R.; Ames, Ruth; Evans, Margaret C.; Sharpe, Susan J.; Gamble, Gregory D.; France, John T.; Lim, T. M. T.; GUNDY, TIM F.

doi:10.1097/00006254-199301000-00025

Cited by 124 publications

(205 citation statements)

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“…After correcting for the other major determinants of bone mineral density (age, height and percentage body fat), 16 Maori still had higher bone mineral density values than Europeans (males P 0.014, females P 0.011). Samoans in turn had higher bone mineral density values than Maori (P 0.012 for both sexes) and Europeans (P 0.006 for both sexes).…”

Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Body size and composition in Polynesians

et al. 1999

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OBJECTIVES: To compare the relationship between body size and body composition in New Zealanders of Polynesian and European descent and to develop speci®c regression equations for fat mass for Polynesians. SUBJECTS: 189 Maori (93 males, 96 females), 185 Samoans (88 males, 97 females) and 241 Europeans (89 males, 152 females) aged 20 ± 70 y. MEASUREMENTS: Height, weight, four skinfold thicknesses, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS: At higher body mass index levels, Polynesians (Maori and Samoans combined) had a signi®cantly higher ratio of lean mass : fat mass compared with Europeans. Four multiple regression equations incorporating resistance and reactance, height and weight, sum of four skinfolds or sum of two skinfolds were developed in two-thirds of the Polynesian participants using DXA fat mass as the dependent variable. In the remaining one-third of participants, the mean difference between fat mass predicted by these equations (r 2 range 0.89 ± 0.93) and DXA fat mass ranged from 7 0.06 to 0.25 kg (s.d. 7 3.67 to 3.71 kg). CONCLUSION: At higher BMI levels, Polynesians were signi®cantly leaner than Europeans, implying the need for separate BMI de®nitions of overweight and obesity for Polynesians. The regression equations using BIA, height and weight or skinfold thicknesses were good predictors of body composition in Polynesians.

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Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Body size and composition in Polynesians

et al. 1999

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“…(59,60) In classical longitudinal studies, Heaney and colleagues (61) reported that increases in weight in women over 21 years of age were associated with increases in cortical area, and most studies suggest a correlation between BMI and BMD of 0.4 to 0.6. (62,63) In the Unite States. the increase in the prevalence of overweight between NHANES III (1988-1994) and NHANES 1999-2002 was 6 percentage points, and resulted in an estimated 1.3 percentage point decrease in osteoporosis.…”

Section: Low Bmd As a Risk Factor For Fracture In Those With High Bmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and fracture in men and women: An epidemiologic perspective

Nielson

Srikanth

Orwoll

2011

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

220

137

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In Western societies, mean body weight has increased dramatically in older people, and a similar trend exists in Asia. Yet insufficient attention has been directed to the problem of osteoporotic fractures in the overweight and obese. Many, if not most, osteoporotic fractures occur in overweight or obese people, and obese men may be particularly susceptible. We discuss the potential implications of these findings, including the challenge of identifying individuals at highest risk, screening and treatment strategies, and future research directions. ß

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“…It has generally been accepted that body fat mass is one of the strongest predictors of bone mineral density (BMD) 1) , but the precise mechanism which explains this relationship remains unclear. The previous studies have shown that increased aromatization of androgen to estrogen 2) , decreased sex-hormone binding globulin 3) , augmentation of bone formation by high circulating levels of insulin 4) , mechanical effects of increased weight bearing 5) , and leptin 6) could affect BMD in obese patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin is Negatively Associated with Femoral Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2009

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Background: Serum leptin level and bone mineral density (BMD) are widely assumed to be positively associated with body fat mass. Numerous attempts have been made to document the relationship between leptin and BMD, but the results are inconsistent, especially in diabetic patients. Methods:A total of 60 Korean postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the present study. The BMDs of lumbar spines (L1 to L4) and proximal femurs (trochanter, neck, and total) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and biochemical markers including leptin, HbA1c, C-peptide and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) were measured for each patient. Results:Negative associations between leptin and BMD of femoral neck, trochanter, and total femur in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus were documented in a model adjusted for age, body fat mass, and fasting insulin level (r = -0.308, P = 0.020 and r = -0.303, P = 0.025 and r = -0.290, P = 0.032 respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed revealing negative associations between leptin and BMD of the femoral neck (β = -0.369), trochanter (β = -0.324), and total femur (β = -0.317). Conclusion

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Determinants of Total Body and Regional Bone Mineral Density in Normal Postmenopausal Women—A Key Role for Fat Mass

Cited by 124 publications

References 0 publications

Body size and composition in Polynesians

Body size and composition in Polynesians

Obesity and fracture in men and women: An epidemiologic perspective

Leptin is Negatively Associated with Femoral Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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