Determinants of full childhood immunization among children aged 12–23 months in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis using Demographic and Health Survey Data

Fenta, Setegn Muche; Biresaw, Hailegebrael Birhan; Fentaw, Kenaw Derebe; Gebremichael, Shewayiref Geremew

doi:10.1186/s41182-021-00319-x

Cited by 43 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The scatter plot results show that the plots spread on the left and top side, this means that the higher the percentage of the less of midwives in primary health care, the lower complete basic immunization coverage in the province of Indonesia (Figure 2). This is in line with previous research which stated that the higher a person's income level, the higher the chance for complete basic immunization (Debie et al, 2020;Fenta et al, 2021). Immunization coverage gaps due to income-based inequality were widened by maternal education and place of residence (Sharma et al, 2021).…”

Section: Correlation Between Poor Population and Complete Basic Immunizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ecological Analysis Of Complete Basic Immunization Coverage For Infants In Indonesia (2017-2019)

Devi

Prasetyo

Muthmainnah

2021

JPK

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Background: Complete basic immunization for infants in Indonesia is an obligation in an effort to protect infant health. It is one of the important indicators in determining the quality of health services in a certain area. However, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Indonesia in 2017 and 2018 has not been achieved nationally with National Strategic Planning and it has not been achieved the targets of 80% of districts/cities in 2019. Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors correlated to the complete basic immunization coverage of infants in Indonesia in 2017-2019. Methods: Ecological analysis was carried out using secondary data from the report of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2017-2019. Univariate analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and one sample Kolmogorov Smirnov. Bivariate analysis was conducted by correlation test (Pearson and Spearman) and scatter plot. Results: Complete basic immunization for infants had a significant correlation with the adequacy of midwives at the primary health care in 2017 (r = -0.337). There was significant correlation between poverty and complete basic immunization in 2017 and 2018 (r = -0.362 and r = -0.535). In 2019, active Integrated Service Post (Posyandu) was correlated to the complete basic immunization (r = 0.444). The first neonatal visit was correlated to the complete basic immunization of infants for three consecutive years (2017-2019). Conclusion: Efforts that can be made to increase the coverage of complete basic immunization in Indonesia are increasing the distribution of midwives in Indonesia, increasing the coverage of the first neonatal visit by paying attention to Posyandu cadres, especially in provinces with high poverty rates.

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Section: Correlation Between Poor Population and Complete Basic Immunizationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ecological Analysis Of Complete Basic Immunization Coverage For Infants In Indonesia (2017-2019)

Devi

Prasetyo

Muthmainnah

2021

JPK

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“…The role of mother's education as determinants of vaccination utilization has also been stated by other studies. [49][50][51] Adedokun et al 2020 and Khanam et al, 2020 discussed that education has positive impact on healthcare seeking of the caregivers by empowering them on decision making regardless of their social, family and child factors. 52,53 Hence the association might be justified by the fact that educated parents have more understanding of the importance of childhood vaccination and child health than uneducated parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Vaccination Coverage, Trends and Predictors in Eastern Ethiopia: Implication for Sustainable Development Goals

Dheresa

Dessie

Negash

et al. 2021

JMDH

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Background Every year, immunization prevents about 4–5 million child fatalities from vaccine preventable morbidities. Conversely, in Ethiopia, achieving full coverage of vaccination has continued to be challenging. Socio-demographic, caregivers and child related factors determine vaccination coverage. Therefore, this study aimed to find out recent coverage, trends in coverage, and its predictors in eastern Ethiopia. Methods A population-based longitudinal study design was conducted among 14,246 children aged 12–24 months from 2017 to 2021 in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System site (KHDSS). The data were collected from caregivers of the child by face to face interview. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of vaccination. The association between vaccination coverage and its predictors was presented by adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. A p-value of <0.05 was used to establish statistical significance. Results From the 14,198 included children, only 39% of children were fully vaccinated, with highest proportion in 2020 (45%) and lowest proportion in 2019 (32%). In comparison to fully vaccinated, being partially vaccinated was positively associated with older maternal age, rural residence, unemployment, rich wealth index, no antenatal care, facility delivery, and birth order whereas negatively associated with semi-urban residence. In compared to fully vaccinated, being not vaccinated was positively associated with older maternal age, rural residence, maternal education, unemployment, and no antenatal care whereas negatively associated with semi-urban residence, poor wealth index, multipara, grand multipara, and facility delivery. Conclusion Less than two-fifths of children aged 12 to 24 months were fully vaccinated. Socio-demographic factors and maternity care utilization were found to be predictors of vaccination coverage. Therefore, strategies that emphasize women’s empowerment in terms of education, economy, and employment status, and enhancing maternal healthcare utilization may improve vaccination coverage.

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“…Mothers who have more frequent contact with health professionals seem to be more aware of their children's health as they receive more information about immunization and child health. A study conducted by [4,14,15,17] confirmed this truth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…More than half of these deaths have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. Three of the five countries (Ethiopia, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo) in which half of the world's child deaths have occurred are in sub-Saharan Africa [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Multilevel Analysis of Children Vaccination Coverage in Ethiopia

Kitabo¹,

Bekele²

2021

Preprint

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Background: Vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) account for 17% of the global under-five mortality per annum and more than half of these deaths have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. Ethiopia is one of the ten countries which account for about 62% of unprotected children and one of the three countries (Ethiopia, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo) in which half of the world’s child deaths have occurred are in sub-Saharan Africa. The main objective of this study is to understand the current status of complete immunization coverage and examine its determinant factors among children in Ethiopia.Method: Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models have been utilized to realize the objectives of the research. The dataset used for this study comes from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The convergences of parameters are checked by using Markov chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) using SPSS and MLwiN software. Results: The descriptive result revealed that, out of the 1929 children who are supposed to complete all basic childhood vaccines, 699 (36.2%) children were completely vaccinated, while 1230 (63.8%) children were incompletely vaccinated. Moreover, regions Afar, Somali and Gambela have the least proportion of vaccination coverage. Among the multilevel models, Bayesian random coefficient model is found to be a better model to estimate the vaccination coverage of children. Using this model, it has been found that factors like place of residence, maternal educational, mother occupation type, Antenatal Care (ANC) utilization, Postnatal Care (PNC) utilization, type of pregnancy, household wealth index, and field worker visit were found to be the significant factors that influences the vaccination coverage. Conclusion: In general, it has been estimated that the vaccination coverage in the country is relatively low and there was significant variation in the level of vaccination coverage in regions of the country.

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Determinants of full childhood immunization among children aged 12–23 months in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis using Demographic and Health Survey Data

Cited by 43 publications

References 42 publications

Ecological Analysis Of Complete Basic Immunization Coverage For Infants In Indonesia (2017-2019)

Ecological Analysis Of Complete Basic Immunization Coverage For Infants In Indonesia (2017-2019)

Child Vaccination Coverage, Trends and Predictors in Eastern Ethiopia: Implication for Sustainable Development Goals

Bayesian Multilevel Analysis of Children Vaccination Coverage in Ethiopia

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