Determinants for coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: lessons from the diabetes intervention study

Hanefeld, Markolf; Schmechel, H; Julius, Ulrich; Schwanebeck, Uta

doi:10.1016/s0168-8227(96)80040-4

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Type 2 diabetes is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin action, insulin secretion or both resulting in persistently elevated postprandial glucose (1). Postprandial hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for microand macrovascular complications associated with diabetes (2,3) and so controlling postprandial plasma glucose level is critical in the early treatment of diabetes mellitus and in reducing chronic vascular complications (4). Oxidative stress in type 2 diabetics is triggered more by acute glucose f luctuations during the postprandial period, therefore therapy in type 2 diabetes should not only target mean glucose concentrations and hemoglobin A1c levels but should also target acute glucose swings (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IN VITRO EFFECT OF TERPENOIDS - RICH EXTRACT OF Momordica charantia ON ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY

Sallau

Yakubu

Aliyu

et al. 2018

Vitae

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Background: Momordica charantia is a vine, native to tropics and subtropics that has found use in herbal medicine. In Nigeria, the plant is locally used in the treatment of diabetes. Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of terpenoid-rich extract from Momordica charantia on α-glucosidase activity. Method: The inhibitory effect of the terpenoid-rich extract from Momordica charantia on the activity of alpha-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as the determination of the mode of inhibition were investigated using in vitro assay methods. Results: The results revealed that the terpenoid-rich extract had a high IC 50 of 1.60 mg/mL. The Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that the extract exhibited partially mixed-type inhibition of α-glucosidase. Conclusions: It can be inferred from this study that although terpenoid-rich extract inhibited α-glucosidase, further purification will be necessary on the extract so as to increase its potency as an inhibitor of α-glucosidase. The action of the extract on α-glucosidase provided an insight into the probable mechanism of action of Momordica charantia in reducing hyperglycemia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IN VITRO EFFECT OF TERPENOIDS - RICH EXTRACT OF Momordica charantia ON ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY

Sallau

Yakubu

Aliyu

et al. 2018

Vitae

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“…This is due to the delayed peak insulin levels which are insufficient to control PPG excursions adequately [2]. Postprandial hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for microand macro-vascular complications associated with diabetes [3], and controlling postprandial plasma glucose level is critical during early treatment of diabetes mellitus and in reducing chronic vascular complications [4]. The acute glucose fluctuations during the postprandial period exhibits a more specific triggering effect on oxidative stress than chronic sustained hyperglycemia which suggests that therapy in type II diabetes should target not only hemoglobin A1c and mean glucose concentrations but also acute glucose excursions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats

Hussain¹,

Ahmed²,

Mahwi³

et al. 2012

JDM

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Postprandial hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for diabetic complications leading to disabilities and mortality in diabetics. Quercetin, a flavonoid, has been tried in traditional medicine for treating diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of quercetin to control postprandial blood glucose level after maltose and glucose loading in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Normal male Albino wistar rats and STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with 300 and 600 mg/kg quercetin orally to evaluate the effect on postprandial hyperglycemia after carbohydrate loading, using acarbose as comparator. The results clearly showed ameliorated postprandial hyperglycemia due to the use of quercetin (300 and 600 mg/kg), it significantly dampened the postprandial hyperglycemia by 32.0% and 64.0% respectively, in maltose loaded diabetic rats, and 30.3% after 300 mg/kg dose in normal rats, compared to control; while acarbose produced 51% and 54% decrease in this respect in the two models respecttively. Quercetin in 600 mg/kg dose produces significantly more reduction in postprandial hyperglycemia compared to acarbose, while in rats that received glucose and quercetin, postprandial hyperglycemia was not significantly affected. In conclusion, quercetin effectively suppresses postprandial hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic rats loaded with maltose, which may be attributed to α-glucosidase inhibition. Quercetin could be used as a potential supplement for treating postprandial hyperglycemia

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“…In individuals with type 2 diabetes, nutrient intake related first-phase insulin response is severely diminished or absent resulting in persistently elevated postprandial glucose (PPG) throughout most of the day [1].This may be due to the delayed peak insulin levels which are insufficient to control PPG excursions adequately [2] .Postprandial hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for micro-and macro vascular complications associated with diabetes [3,4] and so controlling postprandial plasma glucose level is critical as a measure to the early treatment of diabetes mellitus and in reducing chronic vascular complications [5]. Hence, decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia is a therapeutic approach for management of type 2 diabetes (T2D).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Costus afer on Carbohydrates Tolerance Tests and Glucose Uptake

Tchamgoue¹,

Tchokouaha²,

Domekouo³

et al. 2016

SAJB

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Diabetes is commonly characterized by hyperglycemia related to different mechanisms. Many plants have been reported to possess antidiabetic actions in lowering blood sugar concentration and one of such is Costus afer. The present study hypothesis is that methanolic extract of C. afer (leaf, stem, and rhizome) control hyperglycemia by inhibiting glucose uptake. Glucose uptake inhibition was carried out by incubating glucose with plant extract of varying dosages in yeast cells. The carbohydrate tolerance tests characterized by starch and maltose tolerance tests were carried out by loading two sets of experimental animals with respective carbohydrate and varying dosages of C. afer extract. In both studies metformin was used as the reference drug. C. afer extracts significantly inhibited the uptake of glucose by yeast cells. The percentage inhibition was below 50 % for all extracts with a dose dependent effect. The methanolic leaf extract of C. afer had the highest effect followed by stem and rhizome. The inhibition potential of C. afer leaf extract was comparable to that of metformin the reference drug. Similar results were obtained in the carbohydrate tolerance test. Groups of rats treated with plant extracts had lower blood glucose level compared to the groups that treated with carbohydrates only. Metformin was significantly better than plant extracts in the lowering of blood sugar. The result obtained is a proof of concept that C. afer possess antidiabetic properties though more need to be done to effectively confirm its use as an antidiabetic agent.

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Determinants for coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: lessons from the diabetes intervention study

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

IN VITRO EFFECT OF TERPENOIDS - RICH EXTRACT OF Momordica charantia ON ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY

IN VITRO EFFECT OF TERPENOIDS - RICH EXTRACT OF Momordica charantia ON ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY

Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats

Effect of Costus afer on Carbohydrates Tolerance Tests and Glucose Uptake

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