Determinación y prevalencia de Mycobacterium spp., en tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivada en Campeche, México

Abstract

RESUMENObjetivo. Determinar la presencia y prevalencia de Mycobacterium spp., en granjas de tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) en el Municipio de Champotón, Campeche, México. Materiales y métodos. La colecta de organismos se realizó en tres granjas de cultivo de tilapia nilótica del municipio de Champotón, Campeche, México. Los organismos se examinaron externa e internamente y se tomó una muestra de riñón la cual fue sembrada en forma de estría en medios de cultivo: Löwesntein-Jensen, TCBS, KF y en TSA; las placas fueron incubadas a 35°C de 24 a 48 horas, los órganos fueron fijados en formalina tamponada al 10% para ser procesados para histología de rutina para análisis posteriores. Asimismo, muestras de cultivo bacteriológico y de tejido fueron teñidas con la técnica de Ziel-Neelsen con el fin de observar la presencia de bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la presencia de Mycobacterium spp., es constante y en alta prevalencia y puede ser un factor que este mermando la rentabilidad del cultivo. Conclusiones. La presencia de Mycobacterium spp., representa un riesgo para el cultivo de tilapia en el municipio de Champotón, por ser una enfermedad muy persistente y difícil de erradicar una vez ocurrido e brote de infección, por lo cual es importante llevar estudios más detallados de la presencia de este género bacteriano, así como, medidas de prevención y dispersión de este patógeno en los cultivos adyacentes. ABSTRACTObjective. Determine the presence and prevalence of Mycobacterium spp., at tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farms in the municipality of Champotón, Campeche, Mexico. Materials and methods. The collection of organisms was conducted in three farms of Nile tilapia at Champotón township, Campeche, Mexico. The organisms were examined externally and internally and a kidney sample was inoculated in different growth media: Löwestein-Jensen, TCBS, KF and TSA. The plates were incubated at 35°C for 24 to 48 hours, the organs were fixed in 10% buffered formalin to be processed for routine histology for further analysis. Likewise, bacterial culture samples and tissue were stained through the Ziel-Neelsen technique to observe the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Results. The results suggest that the presence of Mycobacterium spp., is constant and its high prevalence and could be an undermining issue in the profitability of this culture. Conclusions. The presence of Mycobacterium spp., represents a risk for tilapia culture in the municipality of Champotón, it is a very persistent and difficult to eradicate disease once an outbreak has occurred, reason for which it is important to bring more detailed studies of the presence of this bacterial genus, as well as prevention and spread of this pathogen in adjacent cultures.

Antimicrobial Activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Nile Tilapia Intestine (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…These strains were obtained from a previous study (Lara-Flores et al,2008), which determined the total population and groups of bacteria in Nile tilapia. The authors observed that the lactic acid bacteria were a minor part of microflora in Nile tilapia with less than 7% of the total count.…”

Microbiological Analysis of Tilapia and Water in Aquaculture Farms From Sinaloa

“…This microorganism is considered a potential pathogen for both tilapia and humans. In previous studies performed in Colombia (Pulido et al, 2004), Saudi-Arabia (Al-Harbi y Uddin, 2005), Cuba (Fuentes et al, 2011;Rubio-Limonta et al, 2010) and México (Lara-Flores et al, 2013), Streptococcus sp. was reported in tilapia.…”

“…A similar study in tilapia (samples of eye, brain, heart, spleen, liver, and kidney) from farms with intensive farming, during rainy and dry seasons, reported the detection of Streptococcus sp. in tilapia from the western, central and southern regions of Cuba in both seasons Lara- Flores et al (2013). reported a 13% prevalence of Streptococcus sp.…”