Detection of three independently-generated DS-1-like G9P[8] reassortant rotavirus A strains during the G9P[8] dominance in Vietnam, 2016–2018

Hoa-Tran, Thi Nguyen; Nakagomi, Toyoko; Vu, Hung Manh; Nguyen, Trang Thu Thi; Takemura, Taichiro; Hasebe, Futoshi; Dao, Anh; Anh, Pham Hong; Dang, Anh Duc; Nakagomi, Osamu

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104194

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Unusual equine RVA strain OH-4 was found to be more closely related to those of bovine and bovine-like human RVAs than to those of other RVAs, providing the first conclusive evidence for artiodactyl (likely bovine)to-equine interspecies transmission events [18]. The incidental transmission of RVAs from animals to humans may not be clinically relevant, but it does provide an opportunity for reassortment, and thereby the generation of novel strains which may be pathogenic to humans [23,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus a field strains circulating in a vaccinated bovine farm as parameters for assessing biosecurity level

et al. 2022

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After improvement of hygiene protocols on boots in a bovine operation (farm A) in Ibaraki, Japan in September 2017, mortality of calves and the detection of 4 viral pathogen indicators, including bovine rotavirus A (RVA), became significantly low for one year. Subsequently, in the present study, these indicators and mortality were monitored and confirmed all were still low, except for the detection rate of bovine RVA in calves less than 3 weeks old. The present study aimed to investigate G and P genotypic profiles of RVAs in farm A from 2018 to 2020.Molecular analysis using semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR of positive RVAs (n = 122) and sequencing of selected samples revealed the presence of G6, G8, G10, P[1], P[5] and P [11] genotypes and the prevalence of G and/or P combination and mixed infections. The most common combination of G and P types was G10P[11] (41.8%), followed by mixed infection with G6+G10P[5] (11.5%). Phylogenetic analysis of RVAs showed clustering with bovine and other animal-derived RVA strains, suggesting the possibility of multiple reassortant events with strains of bovine and others animal origins. Noteworthy as well is that vaccinated cattle might fail to provide their offspring with maternal immunity against RVA infections, due to insufficient colostrum feeding. Our findings further highlight the importance of RVA surveillance in bovine populations, which may be useful to improving effective routine vaccination and hygiene practices on bovine farms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus a field strains circulating in a vaccinated bovine farm as parameters for assessing biosecurity level

et al. 2022

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“…A recent meta-analysis from Ethiopia and Europe also noted an increasing trend of G2P [4], G9P [8], and/or G12P [8] and other previously uncommon genotypes not fully represented in the monovalent Rotarix vaccine that covers the G1P [8] strain [70,94]. Similarly, a significant proportion of diarrheal episodes were consistently noted in an association with the heterotypic G2P [4] rotavirus genotype in Latin America, Belgium, Botswana, and Australia [87,[95][96][97] and G9P [8] in northern Vietnam [98], despite reports of large-scale vaccination with the Rotarix vaccine. While some authors have attributed changing aspects of genotype distribution to lack of sufficient protections against heterologous and the newly emerging rotavirus strains, creating opportunities for strain selection due to vaccine-induced immunological pressures [87,99], others are of the opinion that natural strain fluctuation or gene reassortment events would be more likely to influence the emergence and the epidemiological fitness of variants in the absence of limited herd immunity [22,100].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevalence, Pattern and Genetic Diversity of Rotaviruses among Children under 5 Years of Age with Acute Gastroenteritis in South Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Omatola

Ogunsakin

Olaniran

2021

Viruses

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Rotavirus is the most significant cause of severe acute gastroenteritis among children under 5 years of age, worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa particularly bears the brunt of the diarrheal deaths. A meta-analysis was conducted on 43 eligible studies published between 1982 and 2020 to estimate the pooled prevalence of rotavirus infection and changes in the main rotavirus strains circulating before and after vaccine introduction among under-five children in South Africa. The pooled national prevalence of rotavirus infection was estimated at 24% (95% CI: 21–27%) for the pre-vaccination period and decreased to 23% (95% CI: 21–25%) in the post-vaccination period. However, an increased number of cases was observed in the KwaZulu-Natal (21–28%) and Western Cape (18–24%) regions post-vaccination. The most dominant genotype combinations in the pre-vaccine era was G1P[8], followed by G2P[4], G3P[8], and G1P[6]. After vaccine introduction, a greater genotype diversity was observed, with G9P[8] emerging as the predominant genotype combination, followed by G2P[4], G12P[8], and G1P[8]. The introduction of the rotavirus vaccine was associated with a reduction in the burden of rotavirus-associated diarrhea in South Africa, although not without regional fluctuation. The observed changing patterns of genotype distribution highlights the need for ongoing surveillance to monitor the disease trend and to identify any potential effects associated with the dynamics of genotype changes on vaccine pressure/failure.

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“…G3P [8], G8P [8], or G9P [8]: G1/3/8/9-P [8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2, which had never been previously observed, have been reported in the last decade (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 88%

Rapid Spread in Japan of Unusual G9P[8] Human Rotavirus Strains Possessing NSP4 Genes of E2 Genotype

et al. 2022

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The emergence of unusual G9P[8]-E2 human rotaviruses in the Tokyo metropolis, Japan in 2018 has been reported. During rotavirus strain surveillance in different regions of Japan (Mie, Okayama, and Chiba prefectures), G9P[8]-E2 strains were detected in diarrheic children in all three prefectures. Here, we characterized the whole genomes of seven representative G9P[8]-E2 strains. On full-genome-based analysis, the seven study strains exhibited a unique genotype configuration having the NSP4 gene of genogroup 2 in a genogroup 1 genomic backbone: G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E2-H1. This genotype constellation is shared by Tokyo G9P[8]-E2 strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the 11 genes, except the NSP4 one, of the seven study strains appeared to have originated from co-circulating Wa-like G9P[8]-E1 strains. On the other hand, the NSP4 gene appeared to have originated from co-circulating DS-1-like G2P[4]-E2 strains. Thus, these study G9P[8]-E2 strains appeared to be derived through reassortment between G9P[8]-E1 and G2P[4]-E2 strains in Japan. Notably, the seven study G9P[8]-E2 strains and Tokyo G9P[8]-E2 strains were revealed to have 11-segment genomes almost indistinguishable from one another in their sequences (99.3-100%), indicating all these G9P[8]-E2 strains had a common origin. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the rapid spread of G9P[8]-E2 strains across a country.

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Detection of three independently-generated DS-1-like G9P[8] reassortant rotavirus A strains during the G9P[8] dominance in Vietnam, 2016–2018

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus a field strains circulating in a vaccinated bovine farm as parameters for assessing biosecurity level

G and P genotype profiles of rotavirus a field strains circulating in a vaccinated bovine farm as parameters for assessing biosecurity level

Prevalence, Pattern and Genetic Diversity of Rotaviruses among Children under 5 Years of Age with Acute Gastroenteritis in South Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rapid Spread in Japan of Unusual G9P[8] Human Rotavirus Strains Possessing NSP4 Genes of E2 Genotype

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