Detection of Swine Influenza A and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses in Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Niazi, Ahmad Massoud; Zhou, Ziheng; Fuke, Naoyuki; Toyama, Keiko; Habibi, W. A.; Kawaguchi, Nijiho; Yamaguchi, Ryoji; Hirai, Takuya

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.06.006

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Viruses that enter via the nasal passageway are thought to enter the NALT through M cells or sites of epithelial degeneration. As mentioned above, we previously reported that SIV may have entered M cells, while PRRSV may have entered from M cells or sites of epithelial degeneration and replicated there [ 23 ]. The NALT is considered a site of viral entry and a replication site, which distinguishes it from other lymphoid tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NALT is located on the roof of the nasopharynx and the dorsal side of the soft palate tonsil. The NALT and tonsils were collected together [ 23 ]. As an additional experiment, pigs #5 and #6 from the same farm were tested six weeks later.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anatomical location of the NALT has been reported in miniature pigs [ 17 ]. We have previously demonstrated the presence of swine influenza A virus (SIV) and PRRSV in the NALT and reported that these viruses enter the NALT through M cells or degenerated epithelium [ 23 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Toyama

Hirai

Sueyoshi

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Toyama

Hirai

Sueyoshi

et al. 2022

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The swine influenza virus (SIV, H1N1) used in this study was isolated from nasal swabs of pigs that tested positive for viral RNA (vRNA) by RT-PCR [20]. Nasal swab samples were inoculated into 9–11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs, which were incubated at 37°C for 3 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of a porcine cell line stably expressing pig TMPRSS2 for efficient isolation of viruses from pigs with respiratory diseases

Tanaka,

Shofa,

Butlertanaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Pigs are important animals for meat production but can carry several zoonotic diseases, including Japanese encephalitis virus, Nipah virus, and influenza viruses. SeveralOrthomyxoviridaeandCoronavirinaerespiratory viruses require cleavage of envelope proteins to acquire viral infectivity and consequently need a host protease or the addition of exogenous trypsin for efficient propagation. Host TMPRSS2 is a key protease responsible for viral cleavage. Stable expression of human TMPRSS2 in African green monkey-derived Vero cells can enhance the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. However, considering the narrow host tropism of viruses, a porcine cell line expressing pig TMPRSS2 could be optimal for replicating pig-derived viruses. Herein, we generated and evaluated a pig-derived PK-15 cell line stably expressing pig TMPRSS2. This cell line markedly and specifically enhanced the growth of influenza viruses. Therefore, PK-15 cells expressing pig TMPRSS2 could be a valuable and promising tool for virus isolation, vaccine production, and virological studies.

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“…A pig nasal swab collected in the previous study [16] was used for viral isolation. Note that the nasal swab sample was collected from a dead animal due to natural illness and tested positive for the swine influenza virus (SIV, H1N1) using RT-PCR.…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of a Porcine Cell Line Stably Expressing Pig TMPRSS2 for Efficient Isolation of Swine Influenza Virus

Tanaka,

Shofa,

Butlertanaka

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Pigs are important animals for meat production but can carry several zoonotic diseases, including the Japanese encephalitis virus, Nipah virus, and influenza viruses. Several Orthomyxoviridae and Coronavirinae respiratory viruses require cleavage of envelope proteins to acquire viral infectivity and consequently, need a host protease or the addition of exogenous trypsin for efficient propagation. Host TMPRSS2 is a key protease responsible for viral cleavage. Stable expression of human TMPRSS2 in African green monkey-derived Vero cells can enhance the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. However, considering the narrow host tropism of viruses, a porcine cell line expressing pig TMPRSS2 could be optimal for replicating pig-derived viruses. Herein, we generated and evaluated a pig-derived PK-15 cell line stably expressing pig TMPRSS2. This cell line markedly (>1000-fold) and specifically enhanced the growth of influenza viruses. Furthermore, we demonstrated the usefulness of a PK-15 cell line lacking the Stat2 gene with a stable expression of pig TMPRSS2 for efficient virus isolation from clinical samples in the presence of type I interferons. Therefore, PK-15 cells expressing pig TMPRSS2 could be a valuable and promising tool for virus isolation, vaccine production, and virological studies of TMPRSS2-dependent viruses.

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Detection of Swine Influenza A and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses in Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Generation of a porcine cell line stably expressing pig TMPRSS2 for efficient isolation of viruses from pigs with respiratory diseases

Generation of a Porcine Cell Line Stably Expressing Pig TMPRSS2 for Efficient Isolation of Swine Influenza Virus

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