Detection of pemphigus desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 autoantibodies and pemphigoid BP180 autoantibodies in saliva and comparison with serum values

Abstract

Although there is much literature on the detection of pemphigus and pemphigoid autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum, nothing is known about their presence in saliva. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary levels of these autoantibodies in pemphigus and pemphigoid patients. Autoantibodies against desmoglein3, desmoglein1, and BP180 were assayed, by ELISA, in serum and saliva samples of patients and healthy controls. The titres of autoantibodies against Dsg1/3 found in both serum and saliva of pemphigus patients showed a statistically significant correlation, suggesting that saliva may be a useful biological material for diagnostic purposes, in monitoring disease activity, as well as for the early detection of relapses. By contrast, the titres of autoantibodies against BP180 in the serum and saliva of bullous pemphigoid patients were not statistically related, and further study of the usefulness of the BP180 ELISA for saliva in this disease is needed. In addition, based on our results, the BP180 ELISA with a recombinant NC16a epitope failed to detect the autoantibodies against BP180 in the serum and saliva of mucous membrane pemphigoid patients.

Refractory pemphigus vulgaris associated with herpes infection: case report and review

“…Patients with PV present pathogenous antibodies (IgG1 and IgG4) 22 against desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 (mucocutaneous involvement) or only against desmoglein 3 (exclusive mucosal involvement) 1,2,8,26 . Desmoglein 1 and 3 are transmembrane proteins of 160 and 130 Kd respectively, which compose the desmosome with the function of cell adhesion of the epidermis 6,19 .…”

Correlation between salivary and serum anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 antibody titres using ELISA and between anti-desmoglein levels and disease severity in pemphigus vulgaris

“…An ELISA study on Indian patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) found the sensitivity and specificity of serum Dsg1 to be 96.3% and 92.3%, respectively, and of Dsg3 to be 85.2% and 100%, respectively . Andreadis et al . suggested that saliva could be a useful alternative to serum for Dsg ELISA.…”

Salivary IgA and IgG antibodies to bullous pemphigoid 180 noncollagenous domain 16a as diagnostic biomarkers in mucous membrane pemphigoid

“…A previous study by Andreadis et al . reported negative results in 12 patients with MMP, for both serum and saliva, using commercially available precoated NC16a ELISA plates …”