Detection of Human Rotaviruses in Fecal Specimens by a Commercial Latex-Agglutination Test

Hammond, Gregory; Ahluwalia, Gurmukh S.; Hazelton, Paul R.

doi:10.1093/infdis/149.6.1021

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Three samples (1.5%) which were positive with Rotalex but negative with Slidex Rota-Kit were confirmed negative by EIAs and EM and can be considered as false-positives with the Rotalex kit. Such false-positive reactions with Rotalex have already been reported (1,10,11). Enzygnost-Rotavirus yielded 18 (9%) positive reactions that were not confirmed by other tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Direct appraisal of latex agglutination testing, a convenient alternative to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis, by comparison of two enzyme immunoassays and two latex tests

Sambourg¹,

Goudeau²,

Courant³

et al. 1985

J Clin Microbiol

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samples from infants and children with gastroenteritis were tested for rotavirus with four techniques: two enzyme immunoassays (Rotazyme; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ili., and Enzygnost-Rotavirus; Calbiochem-Behring, La Jolla, Calif.) and two latex agglutination tests (Rotalex; Orion research, Inc., Cambridge, Mass., and Slidex Rota-Kit; Biomérieux). All stool samples were also tested for yeasts and bacterial pathogens. Electron microscopy was used to investigate discrepant results. We found 47% positive samples with Enzygnost-Rotavirus, 38% with Rotazyme, 37% with Slidex Rota-Kit, and 34% with Rotalex. No specimen was found positive py Rotazyme only or Slidex Rota-Kit only. On the contrary, 12 samples which were positive with Enzygnost-Rotavirus only and 3 which were positive with Rotalex only were not confirmed as positive by electron microscopy. Both enzyme immunoassays gave 6% equivocal results; Slidex Rota-Kit gave significantly fewer equivocal results than did Rotalex: 2.9% versus 9.7% (P < 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of latex tests compared favorably witl that of enzyme immunoassays. Latex agglutination tests can be performed by unskilled personnel and are rapid and relatively cheap. They appear to be very suitable for routine laboratory work and may prove useful for large-scale screening in developing countries. * Corresponding author. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical specimens. Two hundred and seven stool samples were collected from children (newborn through 15 years of age) with diarrhea at the Centre Gatien de Clocheville, Tours, France, during February and March 1984. Each stool sample was processed and frozen at-20°C until assayed. The specimens were subjected to only one thawing. All stool samples were tested with four techniques to detect HRV. Two commercially available EIAs (Rotazyme; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill., and Enzygnost-Rotavirus; Calbiochem-Behring, La Jolla, Calif.) and two latex agglutination tests, one commercially available (Rotalex; Orion Research Inc., Cambridge, Mass.) and one under development (Slidex Rota-Kit; Biomérieux), were each performed as recommended by the manufacturer. All specimens were also tested for yeasts

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Concordance and discordance between latex tests and EIAs were not significantly different from what was observed between EIAs. Equivocal results, when the stool samples agglutinated the control latex, have been noted with variable frequencies by several authors (1,10,11,15). They usually amounted to ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Direct appraisal of latex agglutination testing, a convenient alternative to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis, by comparison of two enzyme immunoassays and two latex tests

Sambourg¹,

Goudeau²,

Courant³

et al. 1985

J Clin Microbiol

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“…In a study to compare Rotalex (Finland) with EM, a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 98% were recorded. However, 19 of 218 specimens could not be evaluated since 10 of them gave equivocal results and 9 of them caused agglutination of the control latex [42]. In addition, Julkunen, et al [43], using 570 specimens stored frozen at -20 o C, compared Rotalex LA and a noncommercial ELISA used in their laboratory with EM results obtained from these samples prior to freezing.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Rotavirus Diagnostic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Techniques for the Diagnosis of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Paediatric Patients

R.K¹,

Oke²,

Anjorin³

et al. 2015

Genes Review

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Rotavirus is the major etiology of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. It has been estimated that about 39% of childhood diarrhoea hospitalizations are caused by the virus and nearly half a million children die from the infections each year especially in developing countries on the Asian subcontinent, Africa, and Latin America where health care facilities are in short supply. Stool specimens collected from the first to fourth days of illness are optimal for detection of the infection. Diagnosis was originally performed using electron microscopy, which is still occasionally used in centers where it is available. Routine diagnosis is however, now performed by antigen detection on feces using commercially available, simple, rapid immunochromatographic dipstick style kits which have superseded the earlier latex agglutination and enzyme immunoassay methods whose usefulness in diagnosis is still relevant. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of feces is also available in some reference and research centers, and is particularly useful for identification of outbreaks due to serogroups other than group A. Similarly viral culture and serology are also available but do not play much roles in diagnosis of acute disease. Rotavirus infection is indeed a public health problem and early, rapid, accurate and reliable diagnostic techniques are essential for effective patient management and infection control.

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“…In particular, polystyrene latex beads covered by antibodies are applied for detection of appropriate antigens (1)(2)(3). This approach permits the conduction of not only semiquantitative but also quantitative analysis of various molecules (4)(5)(6). However, it is well known that such latex agglutination systems give more false-positive results than erythrocytes conjugated by the same antibodies (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hen egg immunoglobulin Y in colloidal gold agglutination assay: comparison with rabbit immunoglobulin G

Gasparyan

2005

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Conjugation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from rabbit serum with colloidal gold for sol agglutination assay was conducted. Effects of various buffer systems on conjugation and stability of sols were studied. Colloidal gold assay for detection of human myoglobin and C-reactive protein was developed. It was shown that rabbit IgG had a poor stabilizing effect on colloidal gold sol and therefore that it cannot be effectively used in such assays. In contrast, hen egg immunoglobulin Y (IgY) had excellent stabilizing properties used in various buffer systems and in a wide range of concentrations. IgY was considered as a useful alternative for rabbit antibodies in gold sol agglutination assay.

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Detection of Human Rotaviruses in Fecal Specimens by a Commercial Latex-Agglutination Test

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Direct appraisal of latex agglutination testing, a convenient alternative to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis, by comparison of two enzyme immunoassays and two latex tests

Direct appraisal of latex agglutination testing, a convenient alternative to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis, by comparison of two enzyme immunoassays and two latex tests

Evaluation of Techniques for the Diagnosis of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Paediatric Patients

Hen egg immunoglobulin Y in colloidal gold agglutination assay: comparison with rabbit immunoglobulin G

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