Detection of Acidic Pharmaceutical Compounds Using Virus-Based Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Abstract

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have proven to be particularly effective chemical probes for the molecular recognition of proteins, DNA, and viruses. Here, we started from a filamentous bacteriophage to synthesize a multi-functionalized MIP for detecting the acidic pharmaceutic clofibric acid (CA) as a chemical pollutant. Adsorption and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring experiments showed that the phage-functionalized MIP had a good binding affinity for CA, compared with the non-imprinted polymer and MIP. In addition, the reusability of the phage-functionalized MIP was demonstrated for at least five repeated cycles, without significant loss in the binding activity. The results indicate that the exposed amino acids of the phage, together with the polymer matrix, create functional binding cavities that provide higher affinity to acidic pharmaceutical compounds.

Progress on Structured Biosensors for Monitoring Aflatoxin B1 From Biofilms: A Review

“…QCM sensing systems consist of a quartz crystal and metal thin layer electrodes. The combined application of QCM and MIPs has received much attention in recent years (Baek et al, 2018;Battal et al, 2018;Gu et al, 2019;Zeilinger et al, 2019). Gu et al (2019) developed a QCM-based biosensor for the determination of AFB1, which was fabricated by AuNPs by doping a molecularly imprinted layer on an AuNP-modified electrode (Figure 5).…”

Graphene‐Based Femtogram‐Level Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Polymer of SARS‐CoV‐2

“…[ 12 ] Electrically conductive polymeric structures such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyacetylene have been widely used to develop MIPs. [ 31 ] The polymerization process of the above‐mentioned polymers can be conducted at room temperature (RT) within aqueous solutions or organic solvents. Such ideal flexibility in the synthesis of MIPs provides a tremendous advantage for imprinting biomolecules because conformational changes and denaturation can be prevented.…”

An Electrochemical Sensor for Diphenylamine Detection Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Fe3O4-Molecularly Imprinted Polymer with 1,4-Butanediyl-3,3′-bis-l-vinylimidazolium Dihexafluorophosphate Ionic Liquid as Cross-Linker

“…Molecular imprinting technique is an easy but effective method to develop highly selective, sensitive, and stable molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) [7,8,9]. Imprinting mechanism enables molecularly imprinted polymers to selectively recognize target molecules.…”

“…However, MIPs prepared using the conventional technique are associated with some limitations, such as low binding capacity, high diffusion barrier, and poor selectivity [11]. To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional MIPs, various methods have been developed, including surface imprinting [9], solid-phase synthesis [12], and epitope imprinting [13]. Among these methods, surface imprinting based on creating imprinting cavities onto or near supporting material surfaces has emerged as a promising method, due to the efficient removal of templates, low mass-transfer resistance, and good accessibility to target molecules [9,14].…”

“…To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional MIPs, various methods have been developed, including surface imprinting [9], solid-phase synthesis [12], and epitope imprinting [13]. Among these methods, surface imprinting based on creating imprinting cavities onto or near supporting material surfaces has emerged as a promising method, due to the efficient removal of templates, low mass-transfer resistance, and good accessibility to target molecules [9,14]. To achieve high binding capacity, nanosized support materials with a large specific surface area are suitable for preparing surface imprinted polymers [14].…”