Desulfomonile limimaris sp. nov., an anaerobic dehalogenating bacterium from marine sediments.

Abstract

Strains DCB-M T and DCB-F were isolated from anaerobic 3-chlorobenzoate (3CB)-mineralizing cultures enriched from marine sediments. The isolates are large, Gram-negative rods with a collar girdling each cell. The isolates are obligate anaerobes capable of reductive dechlorination of 3CB to benzoate. Growth by chlororespiration in strain DCB-M T yielded 1 7 g protein mol N1 3CB dechlorinated with lactate as the electron donor. Strain DCB-M T also used fumarate, sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and nitrate as physiological electron acceptors for growth, but grew poorly on sulfate and nitrate. Reductive dechlorination was inhibited completely by sulfite and thiosulfate but not by sulfate. Both strains were incapable of growth at NaCl concentrations below 0 32 % (w/v). They grew well at sea-water salt concentrations ; however, the optimum growth rate was achieved at a NaCl concentration half that of sea water. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis shows strains DCB-M T and DCB-F to be 99 % similar to each other and 93 % similar to their closest relative, Desulfomonile tiedjei strain DCB-1 T . Strain DCB-M T can also be distinguished from strain DCB-1 T by its inability to use acetate for growth on 3CB and by its requirement for NaCl. The morphology, physiology and 16S rDNA sequences of DCB-M T and DCB-F suggest that these strains represent a new, marine-adapted species of the genus Desulfomonile, designated Desulfomonile limimaris sp. nov. The type strain is strain DCB-M T (l ATCC 700979 T ).

Diversity of substrate utilization and growth characteristics of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from estuarine sediment in Japan

“…The optimum NaCl concentrations of known marine SRBs are generally in the range of 1.0-3.0% (wt/vol) (Bale et al, 1997;Boyle et al, 1999;Isaksen and Teske, 1996;Jeanthon et al, 2002;Knoblauch et al, 1999b;Kuever et al, 2005;Sass et al, 2002;Sievert and Kuever, 2000;Sun et al, 2000Sun et al, , 2001; Van der Maarel et al, 1996). The optimum NaCl concentrations of all of our isolates were also in this range.…”

“…Some SRBs can reduce Fe(III), nitrate and halogenated compounds as the sole electron acceptor (Boyle et al, 1999;Dannenberg et al, 1992;Holmes et al, 2004;Rabus et al, 2000;Sun et al, 2000Sun et al, , 2001. In addition, it is known that many SRBs can oxidize some substrates such as pyruvate and fumarate, even in the absence of available electron acceptors (Hansen, 1993;Rabus et al, 2000).…”

Phototropic sulfur and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the chemocline of meromictic Lake Cadagno, Switzerland

“…Cells related to D. tiedjei display a distinctive morphology, and resemble bacteria previously described as "morphotype R" (Bensadoun et al 1998). "Morphotype R" was proposed to be related to "morphotype T5" (Caldwell & Tiedje 1975;Bensadoun et al 1998) and its cultured representatives D. tiedjei and D. liminaris (DeWeerd et al 1990;Sun et al 2001). However, these cells are more important in the monimolimnion, where they represent up to 44% of all bacteria, than in the chemocline (Tonolla, unpublished data).…”

“…Since isolates of "morphotype R" are not yet available and phylogenetic relationships do not necessarily reflect physiological relationships (Pace 1999;Achenbach & Coates 2000;Zinder & Salyers 2001), a discussion about potential properties of "morphotype R" and its potential function in Lake Cadagno remains highly speculative. Although "morphotype R" was detected under similar environmental conditions and is morphologically similar and phylogenetically related to D. tiedjei, a further characterization and comparison of "morphotype R" with D. tiedjei which is a sulfate reducing bacterium that can also grow by reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated organic compounds such as 3-chlorobenzoate (DeWeerd et al 1990;Sun et al 2001) requires pure culture studies.…”

Microbial Communities Involved in Methane Production from Coal Treated by Potassium Permanganate

“…Although acetoclastic and methylotrophic methanogens were also found, e.g. Methanosaeta [29] and Methanomethylovorans [30], they only consisted of approximately 4% of the sequence reads, suggesting the production of methane by mainly hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”