Desorption and Bioavailability of Aged Simazine Residues in Soil from a Continuous Corn Field

Scribner, Stephen L.; Benzing, Thomas R.; Sun, Shaobai; Boyd, Stephen A.

doi:10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100010038x

Cited by 66 publications

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“…Numerous studies conducted on soils contaminated with organic compounds have shown that as the contaminants persist in soil, they become increasingly resistant to desorption (Scribner et al 1992, Pignatello and Xing 1995, Linz and Nakles 1997.…”

Section: Toxicity Effect Of Soil Contaminant Extraction Methods Backgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that organic compounds which have been in contact with soil for an extended period of time display reduced bioavailability, whether the latter is measured as microbial biodegradability White et al, 1999;Reid et al, 2001), extractability under mild conditions Tang and Alexander, 1999), uptake by earthworms or other soil-inhabiting organisms , toxicity to insects , or phytotoxicity Scribner et al, 1992). It was in the last of these contexts that the phenomenon of sequestration of organic chemicals (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaching protocols have been established for estimating the slow and fast contaminant release fractions from soils (Federal Register 1996 ASTM 1987. Slow reduction in bioavailability as soils age has been documented using plants, microorganisms, and invertebrates such as insects and earthworms , 9 Edwards and Neuhauser 1988, Scribner et al 1992 (Zabik et al 1992, Johnson et al 1995, Strandberg et al 1997. PSDs are constructed of non-porous polyethylene membranes filled with a C-18 or XAD resin to trap contaminants.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Application of Chemically Accelerated Biotreatment to Reduce Riskin Oil-Impacted Soils

Paterek¹,

W.W.Bogan²,

Trbovic³

et al. 2003

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PUBLIC ABSTRACTThe drilling and operation of gas/petroleum exploratory wells and the operations of natural gas and petroleum production wells generate a number of waste materials that are usually stored and/or processed at the drilling/operations site. Contaminated soils result from drilling operations, production operations, and pipeline breaks or leaks where crude oil and petroleum products are released into the surrounding soil or sediments. In many cases, intrinsic biochemical remediation of these contaminated soils is either not effective or is too slow to be an acceptable approach. This project targeted petroleum-impacted soil and other wastes, such as soil contaminated by: accidental release of petroleum and natural gas-associated organic wastes from pipelines or during transport of crude oil or natural gas; production wastes (such as produced waters, and/or fuels or product gas). Our research evaluated the process designated Chemically-Accelerated Biotreatment (CAB) that can be applied to remediate contaminated matrices, either on-site or in situ. The Gas Technology Institute (GTI) had previously developed a form of CAB for the remediation of hydrocarbons and metals at Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) sites and this research project expanded its application into Exploration and Production (E&P) sites. The CAB treatment was developed in this project using risk-based endpoints, a.k.a. environmentally acceptable endpoints (EAE) as the treatment goal. This goal was evaluated, compared, and correlated to traditional analytical methods (Gas Chromatography (GC), High Precision Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), or Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (CG-MS)). This project proved that CAB can be applied to remediate E&P contaminated soils to EAE, i.e. those concentrations of chemical contaminants in soil below which there is no adverse affect to human health or the environment. Conventional approaches to risk assessment to determine "how clean is clean" for soils undergoing remediation have been based on total contaminant concentrations in soil, as determined by laboratory extraction methods that use vigorous physical and chemical procedures. Numerous data collected from bioavailability studies in this study and others carried out by GTI and other organizations conducted on contaminated soils and sediments continue to show that not all contaminants are available to environmental receptors including man or ecologically forms. In short, there exist fractions of contaminants in soil that cannot be released from the soil matrix by normal means. These sequestered contaminant fractions should not be considered a risk to human health or the ii environment. This project focused on CAB technology to treat soil contaminants to these acceptable levels. Therefore, the primary objective of this project was to determine what these contaminant levels are and to reach or exceed cleanup standards using CAB. These determinations were demonstrated and verified using toxicity and chemical mobility tests. Based on GTI's experience with a fo...

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Section: Toxicity Effect Of Soil Contaminant Extraction Methods Backgrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Application of Chemically Accelerated Biotreatment to Reduce Riskin Oil-Impacted Soils

Paterek¹,

W.W.Bogan²,

Trbovic³

et al. 2003

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“…Th e bioavailability to microorganisms decreases with time. Field ageing also diminishes the availability to microorganisms of many pesticides (Scribner et al 1992;Weissenfels et al 1992). Nam and Kim (2002) report that mineralization rates of phenanthrene aged in the humin-mineral fraction significantly decreased with time.…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Carbofuran Bound Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of carbofuran bound residues and the effect of ageing on their distribution and bioavailability in the soil of a sugar beet field in north-western Morocco

Mohamed

Mrabet

Azmani

2016

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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This study was undertaken to investigate distribution, fractionation, bioavailability and remobilization characteristics of bound soil-aged carbofuran and the effect of ageing in clay soil in a typical field of sugar beet at Loukkos in northwest Morocco. Results indicate that initially there were high levels of bound residues (BR) in the humin fraction, which decreased with incubation time and ageing of the BR. While in the fulvic and humic acid fractions, the amount of BR increased with the ageing of the BR and occurred predominantly (60%) in the fulvic acid fraction. The possibility of the mineralization and release of BR with ageing was studied using fresh soil and an incubation period of 90 days. The results indicate that the ageing of the residues have a great influence on the remobilization and mineralization rates of carbofuran BR; 9.45 to 14.90% of the total BR was released as extractable residues, and 1.95 to 4.15% was mineralized depending on the age of the residues in soil and the soil-aged carbofuran BR. The incorporation of the residues in the humin fraction is considered to be a threat to the environment. On the other hand, the clear prevalence of residues in the fulvic and humic acid fractions, may have an important effect on their bioavailability and movement in soil. Moreover, the re-extractability of BR could pose a potential environmental risk. Consequently, the BR remobilized must be taken into account when assessing for registration processes the environmental risk of pesticides persisting in soils.

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Oxygen limitations and aging as explanations for the field persistence of naphthalene in coal tar‐contaminated surface sediments

Madsen

Mann

Bilotta

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Naphthalene has been transported approx. 400 m via groundwater flow from buried subsurface coal tar to an organic matter-rich seep area where the water emerges at the foot of a hill in a field study site. We have tested several hypotheses for explaining why naphthalene persists in seep sediments. In aerobic laboratory flask assays, conversion of 14 C-naphthalene to 14 CO 2 occurred and was not stimulated by amendments with vitamins or inorganic nutrients. Thus, neither toxicity nor nutrient limitation were the cause of naphthalene persistence. At the site, in situ sediment oxygen concentrations were below detection. Oxygenlimited naphthalene biodegradation was demonstrated both by measuring no conversion of 14 C-naphthalene to 14 CO 2 in samples of seep sediments prepared anaerobically and by measuring naphthalene loss from anaerobic nitrate-amended slurry-phase incubations of the sediment only after O 2 was added. However, when H 2 O 2 was added as an O 2 source to site sediments in situ in a randomized block design, no discernible naphthalene loss occurred. The possibility that decreased bioavailability might contribute to naphthalene persistence was investigated by monitoring 14 CO 2 evolved by microorganisms added to ␥-ray sterilized sediments that had been exposed under aseptic conditions to 14 C-labeled naphthalene for periods ranging from 0 to 28 d. Resulting patterns in the extent and rate of naphthalene mineralization revealed an inverse relationship to the duration of contact with the sediment, but only when the mixed microbial inoculum had been enriched on aqueous-phase naphthalene. We conclude that oxygen limitation is the most probable cause for lack of naphthalene biodegradation at our field study site. However, diffusion or sorption reactions may also play a role.

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Desorption and Bioavailability of Aged Simazine Residues in Soil from a Continuous Corn Field

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Application of Chemically Accelerated Biotreatment to Reduce Riskin Oil-Impacted Soils

Application of Chemically Accelerated Biotreatment to Reduce Riskin Oil-Impacted Soils

Characterization of carbofuran bound residues and the effect of ageing on their distribution and bioavailability in the soil of a sugar beet field in north-western Morocco

Oxygen limitations and aging as explanations for the field persistence of naphthalene in coal tar‐contaminated surface sediments

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