Designing self-oscillating matter

Shen, Beijun; Kang, Sung Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2021.02.011

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1f and Supplementary Video S2), which contrast the single particle scenario where practically no motion was observed. Notably, while the central challenge in self-oscillatory systems is to keep them away from equilibria [21,39], such states are virtually eliminated from our system by the effectively instantaneous nature of bubble collapse.…”

Section: Emergent Low-frequency Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike oscillations arising from external periodic forcing [32][33][34][35], these self-oscillations emerge spontaneously from the balancing of competing dynamical processes driving systems away from equilibrium [21,36,37]-a signature of living systems [38]. In artificial microsystems, however, the production of slow selfsufficient self-oscillations is counterintuitively difficult [22,39]. Generating self-sustaining mechanical oscillations at the microscale typically requires the transduction of complex chemical oscillators (e.g., Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction [40]) into periodic changes to a system's physical configuration [20,34,[41][42][43][44].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emergent Microrobotic Oscillators via Asymmetry-Induced Order

Yang¹,

Berrueta²,

Brooks³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Spontaneous low-frequency oscillations on the order of several hertz are the drivers of many crucial processes in nature [1][2][3][4]. From bacterial swimming [5, 6] to mammal gaits [7, 8], the conversion of static energy inputs into slowly oscillating electrical and mechanical power is key to the autonomy of organisms across scales [9][10][11][12]. However, the fabrication of slow artificial oscillators at micrometre scales remains a major roadblock [13][14][15][16] towards the development of fully-autonomous microrobots [17][18][19][20]. Here, we report the emergence of a lowfrequency relaxation oscillator from a simple collective of active microparticles interacting at the air-liquid interface of a hydrogen peroxide drop. Their collective oscillations form chemomechanical [21] and electrochemical [22] limit cycles that enable the transduction of ambient chemical energy into periodic mechanical motion and on-board electrical currents. Surprisingly, the collective can oscillate robustly even as more particles are introduced, but only when we add a single particle with modified reactivity to intentionally break the system's permutation symmetry [23]. We explain such emergent order through a novel thermodynamic mechanism for asymmetry-induced order [24, 25]. The energy harvested from the stabilized oscillations enables the use of on-board electronic components, which we demonstrate by cyclically and synchronously driving a microrobotic arm [26][27][28]. This work highlights a new strategy for achieving low-frequency oscillations at the microscale that are otherwise difficult to observe outside of natural systems, paving the way for future microrobotic autonomy.

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Section: Emergent Low-frequency Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent Microrobotic Oscillators via Asymmetry-Induced Order

Yang¹,

Berrueta²,

Brooks³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, various self-oscillating systems based on diverse stimuli-responsive materials are reported, such as hydrogels [ 14 , 15 ], dielectric elastomers [ 16 ], ionic gels [ 17 ], liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) [ 7 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], and thermally responsive polymer materials [ 22 ], etc. Furthermore, a variety of self-sustained motion modes have been constructed, such as bending [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], buckling [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], torsion [ 31 , 32 ], stretching and shrinking [ 33 , 34 ], rolling [ 35 , 36 ], swimming [ 9 ], swinging [ 37 , 38 ], vibration [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], jumping [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], rotation [ 45 ], eversion or inversion [ 46 , 47 ], and even synchronized motion of several coupled self-oscillators [ 48 ]. These self-sustained motions often originate from nonlinear feedback mechanisms including self-shadowing [ 3 , 27 , 28 ], coupling of liquid volatilization and membrane deformation [ 49 ], coupling mechanism among air expansion and liquid column movement [ 50 ], and coupling of plate buckling and chemical reaction [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Jumping of a Liquid Crystal Elastomer Balloon under Steady Illumination

Jin

Dai

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Self-oscillation capable of maintaining periodic motion upon constant stimulus has potential applications in the fields of autonomous robotics, energy-generation devices, mechano-logistic devices, sensors, and so on. Inspired by the active jumping of kangaroos and frogs in nature, we proposed a self-jumping liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) balloon under steady illumination. Based on the balloon contact model and dynamic LCE model, a nonlinear dynamic model of a self-jumping LCE balloon under steady illumination was formulated and numerically calculated by the Runge–Kutta method. The results indicated that there exist two typical motion regimes for LCE balloon under steady illumination: the static regime and the self-jumping regime. The self-jumping of LCE balloon originates from its expansion during contact with a rigid surface, and the self-jumping can be maintained by absorbing light energy to compensate for the damping dissipation. In addition, the critical conditions for triggering self-jumping and the effects of several key system parameters on its frequency and amplitude were investigated in detail. The self-jumping LCE hollow balloon with larger internal space has greater potential to carry goods or equipment, and may open a new insight into the development of mobile robotics, soft robotics, sensors, controlled drug delivery, and other miniature device applications.

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“…When subjected to external excitations such as light [ 6 ], chemicals [ 34 ], electric field [ 36 ], magnetic field [ 37 ], and heat [ 38 ], these responsive materials can change their own shape and locomote. Based on various kinds of stimuli-responsive materials, a large number of modes of self-excited motion have also been constructed, such as rolling [ 12 , 18 , 20 , 39 ], bending [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], vibration [ 44 , 45 ], stretching and shrinking [ 46 , 47 ], torsion [ 7 , 48 ], swinging [ 49 , 50 ], swimming [ 51 ], buckling [ 29 , 52 , 53 , 54 ], jumping [ 45 , 55 , 56 ], rotation [ 57 ], eversion or inversion [ 38 , 58 ], and even self-excited synchronized motion of some coupled liquid crystalline oscillators [ 59 ]. The mechanisms of these self-excited motions are explained by the nonlinear feedback mechanisms of the systems, such as the self-shadowing mechanism [ 18 , 60 ], the coupling mechanism among liquid volatilization and membrane deformation [ 16 ], and a combination of finite deformation and chemical reaction [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Behaviors of a Translating Liquid Crystal Elastomer Fiber in a Linear Temperature Field

Zhou

2022

Polymers

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Liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fiber with a fixed end in an inhomogeneous temperature field is capable of self-oscillating because of coupling between heat transfer and deformation, and the dynamics of a translating LCE fiber in an inhomogeneous temperature field are worth investigating to widen its applications. In this paper, we propose a theoretic constitutive model and the asymptotic relationship of a LCE fiber translating in a linear temperature field and investigate the dynamical behaviors of a corresponding fiber-mass system. In the three cases of the frame at rest, uniform, and accelerating translation, the fiber-mass system can still self-oscillate, which is determined by the combination of the heat-transfer characteristic time, the temperature gradient, and the thermal expansion coefficient. The self-oscillation is maintained by the energy input from the ambient linear temperature field to compensate for damping dissipation. Meanwhile, the amplitude and frequency of the self-oscillation are not affected by the translating frame for the three cases. Compared with the cases of the frame at rest, the translating frame can change the equilibrium position of the self-oscillation. The results are expected to provide some useful recommendations for the design and motion control in the fields of micro-robots, energy harvesters, and clinical surgical scenarios.

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Designing self-oscillating matter

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Emergent Microrobotic Oscillators via Asymmetry-Induced Order

Emergent Microrobotic Oscillators via Asymmetry-Induced Order

Self-Jumping of a Liquid Crystal Elastomer Balloon under Steady Illumination

Dynamical Behaviors of a Translating Liquid Crystal Elastomer Fiber in a Linear Temperature Field

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