Designing New Antibacterial Wound Dressings: Development of a Dual Layer Cotton Material Coated with Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)_Chitosan Nanofibers Incorporating Agrimonia eupatoria L. Extract

Abstract

Wounds display particular vulnerability to microbial invasion and infections by pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, to reduce the risk of wound infections, researchers have expended considerable energy on developing advanced therapeutic dressings, such as electrospun membranes containing antimicrobial agents. Among the most used antimicrobial agents, medicinal plant extracts demonstrate considerable potential for clinical use, due primarily to their efficacy allied to relatively low incidence of adverse side-effects. In this context, the present work aimed to develop a unique dual-layer composite material with enhanced antibacterial activity derived from a coating layer of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Chitosan (CS) containing Agrimonia eupatoria L. (AG). This novel material has properties that facilitate it being electrospun above a conventional cotton gauze bandage pre-treated with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy free radical (TEMPO). The produced dual-layer composite material demonstrated features attractive in production of wound dressings, specifically, wettability, porosity, and swelling capacity. Moreover, antibacterial assays showed that AG-incorporated into PVA_CS’s coating layer could effectively inhibit Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) growth. Equally important, the cytotoxic profile of the dual-layer material in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells demonstrated biocompatibility. In summary, these data provide initial confidence that the TEMPO-oxidized cotton/PVA_CS dressing material containing AG extract demonstrates adequate mechanical attributes for use as a wound dressing and represents a promising approach to prevention of bacterial wound contamination.

Sustainable Packaging Material Based on PCL Nanofibers and Lavandula luisieri Essential Oil, to Preserve Museological Textiles

“…Nevertheless, the PCL + EO showed an efficiency superior to both materials with inhibition rates greater than 99% for both bacteria. These inhibitory values are even higher than other materials with similar EO [ 41 ] or other PCL materials with incorporated plant extracts [ 36 ]. This result is due to the inherent antimicrobial activity of the Lavandula luisieri EO incorporated into the PCL nanofibers.…”

“…For this purpose, the plates containing resazurin were protected from light and incubated for 4 h. After this period, the wells with the lowest concentration of Lavandula luisieri EO which revealed the blue-purple color, indicative of the absence of bacterial growth, were considered the MIC value; color change to pink expressed the presence of bacterial growth. Wells containing the bacterial suspensions in MHB were used as a positive control (K + ), while wells containing only MHB medium were used as a negative control (K − ) [ 36 ].…”

PVA-Based Electrospun Biomembranes with Hydrolyzed Collagen and Ethanolic Extract of Hypericum perforatum for Potential Use as Wound Dressing: Fabrication and Characterization

“…Commonly, Aloe vera [ 33 ], Agrimonia eupatoria [ 34 ], Calendula officinalis [ 35 ], cinnamon [ 36 ], curcumin [ 37 ], Glycyrrhuza glabra (as Glycyrrhetinic acid) [ 38 ], Momordica charantia antimicrobial [ 39 ], and Nepeta dschuparensis [ 40 ] have been implemented in biomedical devices such as wound dressings due to their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant (among other well-stablished biological) properties. Nevertheless, Hypericum perforatum , a traditional medicinal material, has also been extensively reported as an effective antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing material due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as naphthodianthrones, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins among others, which can convert it into a potential candidate for biomedical materials [ 41 , 42 , 43 ], especially for wound dressings.…”

Preliminary Study on a Biocompatible Cellulose Waterborne Polyurethane Composite Membrane

“…The composite membrane prepared by mixing CL and WPU in a certain proportion can have the advantages of both materials according to the application requirements. 22 , 23 In 2006, the composite of CNCs and PU was first reported. 24 − 26 Pei et al (2011) added 1% CNCs into the reacted PU prepolymer, and the prepared PU/CNCs composite had ultra-high tensile strength and elongation at break.…”