Design, Optimization and Energetic Efficiency of Producing Hydrogen-Rich Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification

Kuo, Po-Chih; Wu, Wei

doi:10.3390/en8010094

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…12,23 Nowadays, a few options are available to reduce carbon emission from Al processing. The most popular way is to use the advanced technology in AL process to reduce energy consumption 24 and as well as to reduce emission. 12,23,25 The recycling waste Al in producing new products would be contributed to reducing a significant amount of carbon emission.…”

Section: Carbon Emission From Aluminum Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight on the greenhouse gas emission from the metals process industries and its effects on climate change

2019

MSEIJ

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The metals process the industry is a source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG), and the major components of these gases are CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and Fluorinated gases (F-gases). The GHG is responsible for global warming potentials (GWP) and climate change. 1,2 However, the common source of GHG emission is electricity production from fossil fuel to operate metals industries and as well from metals processing. 3 The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is about 65 percent. 4 The methane is the second-largest carbon in GHG after CO 2 , which accounted for 16 percent of global emission. The effect of CH 4 on GWP and climate change is about 25 percent higher than CO 2. 5,6 Nitrous oxide is also a part of GHG in the atmosphere, and its contribution to GHG is about 6 percent. It has been reported that the metal process industries are a major emission source of N 2 O. 7,8 The Fluorinated gas is a part of GHG and has a significant effect on climate change. The fact is the process of the metal industries are associated with Fluorinated gas emission. This gas includes hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride SF6. 9,10 The Magnesium (Mg), Zinc, Lead, and other metals processing industries are the emitter of this gas. 11 However, in a report, IEA stated that the burning of fossil fuel for electricity production to operate heavy industries like Iron, and Aluminum, Zinc. Magnesium and copper and significantly responsible for GWP. 4,12 Operations of metals process industries and problem in managing enviromental pollutions The metals process industries are responsible for a significant amount of carbon emission. The Steel, Aluminium, Copper, Zinc, and Magnesium process industries are the emitting sources of Carbondioxide, Methane, and Nitrogen dioxide gases. The reported carbon concentration in the atmosphere was 242ppm in 2018, 404ppm in 2017, 365.48ppm in 2000 and 354.19ppm in 1990; and the metals process industries, indeed, a contributor to that carbon concentration. It indicates that a problem exists in operations of metals process industries in controlling GHG emission, and the required efforts are not putting in place to solve it. The strategic goal of this paper is to list the emission level of the major metals process industries with relevant sustainable solutions.

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Section: Carbon Emission From Aluminum Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight on the greenhouse gas emission from the metals process industries and its effects on climate change

2019

MSEIJ

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“…Process simulation has been used to determine the best options and operating conditions for producing biofuels [5,6,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], particularly the software ASPEN PLUS ® (Aspen Technology, Inc., Bedford, MA, USA) has been widely used. However, the models used for lignin have oversimplified the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Syngas Production from Lignin Using Guaiacol as a Model Compound

et al. 2015

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Abstract:Lignin is an abundant component in biomass that can be used a feedstock for producing several value-added products, including biofuels. However, lignin is a complex molecule (involving in its structure three types of phenylpropane units: coumaryl, coniferyl and sinapyl), which is difficult to implement in any process simulation task. The lignin from softwood is formed mainly by coniferyl units; therefore, in this work the use of the guaiacol molecule to model softwood lignin in the simulation of the syngas process (H2 + CO) is proposed. A Gibbs reactor in ASPEN PLUS ® was feed with ratios of water and guaiacol from 0.5 to 20. The pressure was varied from 0.05 to 1.01 MPa and the temperature in the range of 200-3200 °C. H2, CO, CO2, CH4, O2 and C as graphite were considered in the output stream. The pressure, temperature and ratio water/guaiacol conditions for syngas production for different H2/CO ratio are discussed. The obtained results allow to determine the operating conditions to improve the syngas production and show that C as graphite and water decomposition can be avoided. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2015, 8 6706

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“…A well-known software for process engineering applications is the Advanced System for Process Engineering (aspenONE R v8, Aspen Technology, Inc., Burlington, MA, USA). This simulation platform has been widely applied for process design and development on various renewable energy sources areas, some examples are the works on biomass or solid waste utilization for gasification [38][39][40][41]. More related works are those of Rabbani, 2013 [42], who took advantage of the Aspen Plus R simulator to model and control a Ballard power module of 21.2 kW, and presented a dynamic analysis for vehicular applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

et al. 2017

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This paper deals with the design of a control scheme for improving the air supply subsystem of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with maximum power of 65 kW. The control scheme is evaluated in a plant simulator which incorporates the balance of plant (BOP) components and is built in the aspenONE R platform. The aspenONE R libraries and tools allows introducing the compressor map and sizing the heat exchangers used to conduct the reactants temperature to the operating value. The PEMFC model and an adaptive controller were programmed to create customized libraries used in the simulator. The structure of the plant control is as follows: the stoichiometric oxygen excess ratio is regulated by manipulating the compressor power, the equilibrium of the anode-cathode pressures is achieved by tracking the anode pressure with hydrogen flow manipulation; the oxygen and hydrogen temperatures are regulated in the heat exchangers, and the gas humidity control is obtained with a simplified model of the humidifier. The control scheme performance is evaluated for load changes, perturbations and parametric variations, introducing a growing current profile covering a large span of power, and a current profile derived from a standard driving speed cycle. The impact of the control scheme is advantageous, since the control objectives are accomplished and the PEMFC tolerates reasonably membrane damage that can produce active surface reduction. The simulation analysis aids to identify the safe Voltage-Current region, where the compressor works with mechanical stability.

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Design, Optimization and Energetic Efficiency of Producing Hydrogen-Rich Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

An insight on the greenhouse gas emission from the metals process industries and its effects on climate change

An insight on the greenhouse gas emission from the metals process industries and its effects on climate change

Simulation of Syngas Production from Lignin Using Guaiacol as a Model Compound

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

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