“…Both principles follow a logical pattern; because the DfM is the predecessor of the DfA [ 18 ]. Therefore, the two principles can be combined to create a new one: Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) [ 19 ], which covers the two design principles simultaneously, i.e., the product development team must consider the manufacturability and assemblability of a product, during the entire designing process. Thus, the DfMA aims at designing easy-to-manufacture multifunctional components and reducing the use of fastening components and unnecessary adjustments [ 13 , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] ], whereas PLM deals with lifecycle management.…”