Design and Optimization of Embroidered Antennas on Textile Using Silver Conductive Thread for Wearable Applications

Truong, TranThuyNga; Kim, Jinhyun; Kim, Jooyong

doi:10.1007/s12221-021-0030-1

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In this case, the skin effect can be disregarded unless extremely high frequencies are employed. [ 26 ] As a result, in our situation, because the investigated frequency ranges from 5 kHz to 300 kHz, the coil's inductance value is influenced by its geometry. Equation () also illustrates the connection between an SMA coil spring's displacement and inductance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Highly Inductive Coil Spring Strain/Compress Sensors Integrated with Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymers‐CNTs

Truong,

Yun,

Kim

2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Future wearable electronic gadgets offer great potential for using stretchable, strain‐sensitive materials to instantly detect human motion and record physiological information. This paper presented a strain/compress sensor made from a Shape memory alloy (SMA) coil spring covered with silver pastes and the composite of carbon nanotubes and Shape memory polymer (SMP). The combination of the shape memory materials that expand or contract automatically by temperature improved the mechanics of the sensor. First, the proposed sensors showed an excellent ability to broad‐range strain of 250% and compress of 50% with a relative inductance (∆L/L0) range from ‐40% to 50%, respectively. Durability during 1000 loading and unloading cycles at 200% strain was included. Secondly, by monitoring changes in resistance, inductance, and time, it was determined how many silver layers appropriate for transformation should be in order to improve the recovery time of the SMA coil spring. Moreover, the presence of CNTs in the composite‐covered outer of sensors helps to reduce the influence of the relation between resistance and temperature in the range from 30°C to 110°C. Finally, we proposed a device that can monitor arm and triceps brachii muscle movements based on the stretchable area.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Highly Inductive Coil Spring Strain/Compress Sensors Integrated with Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymers‐CNTs

Truong,

Yun,

Kim

2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…The electrical resistance of each ply of the yarn, as determined using an LCR meter, is depicted in Figure 2 . As the length increases, the resistance increases and decreases as the number of plies increases [ 18 ]. This indicates that the conductive wire of the electrode has a low resistance, making it an appropriate material for use as a capacitance sensor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has an attractive sheen and is moderately priced. The average breaking force and elongation graph presented in [ 18 ] indicates that rayon thread is stronger than single-ply thread and weaker than double-ply thread. This is because the elongation of rayon is the shortest, and the single-ply string is the longest, leading to rayon threads stretching more petite, which prevents them from pushing further, retaining the original shape of the capacitor sensor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Embroidery-Type Sensor Capable of Detecting Respiration Using the Capacitive Method

2023

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This study presents a respiration sensor that is dependent on a parallel capacitor, including connection lines and electrodes embroidered on textiles. First, characterizations of the respiration capacitor using a silver thread, including a combination of porous Eco-flex simulating air in the lungs due to respiration, were evaluated using an LCR meter. Second, the effects of air gaps on the detection of respiration motions according to the change in electrode distance under pressure were presented. The data values were measured from 1 to 300 kHz using an LCR meter and dielectric test fixture. Third, actual breathing was examined in four patterns: normal breathing, deep breathing, hyperventilation, and apnea. The test was performed after fabricating a clothing-type breathing sensor. Finally, the change in capacitance for actual respiration was determined by wearing a clothing-type respiration sensor based on the data collected. The effectiveness of the respiration sensor was demonstrated by measuring it to discern all waveforms, cycles, and ranges associated with the breathing pattern.

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“…In addition to this, other precision applications of conductive threads include embroidered antennas [ 22 , 23 ] and an investigation on the challenges of such fabrication [ 15 ], a wireless power transfer system reliant on conductive threads [ 24 ], and chipless RFID tags [ 25 ]. As RFID tags and antennas have very precise fabrication requirements in terms of conductor resistance and stability, many phenomena can occur when this changes, such as drops in efficiency, resonating frequency slips, beamwidth alterations, etc., as observed in [ 26 ] after repeated washing of a bow-tie ISM-band antenna.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Performance Degradation of Conductive Threads Based on the Effects of Tensile Forces and Repeated Washing

2022

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In recent years, after the ongoing success in the creation of portable electronic devices, an increasing effort has been put in creating wearable devices capable of sensing multiple parameters while being imperceptible to the user. A field that has recently gained attention due to this is that of textile electronics. For this purpose, one of the most commonly used materials is conductive threads, capable of sustaining an electrical connection, while at the same time being part of a garment. As research on the performance and stability of such threads is scarce, the aim of this work is to study the effects of tension on readily available conductive threads and to verify their suitability and reliability for e-textile applications. After testing seven commercially available threads, this study demonstrates that the nominal parameters provided by the manufacturers are not in line with experimentation, and that both embroidery and washing have an impact on their performance.

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Design and Optimization of Embroidered Antennas on Textile Using Silver Conductive Thread for Wearable Applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Highly Inductive Coil Spring Strain/Compress Sensors Integrated with Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymers‐CNTs

Highly Inductive Coil Spring Strain/Compress Sensors Integrated with Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymers‐CNTs

Development of Embroidery-Type Sensor Capable of Detecting Respiration Using the Capacitive Method

A Study of the Performance Degradation of Conductive Threads Based on the Effects of Tensile Forces and Repeated Washing

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