Design and Development of a Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Type Micro Air Vehicle

Mishra, Sachin; Tripathi, Brajesh; Garg, Sahil; Kumar, Ajay; Kumar, Pradeep

doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2015.06.001

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since the research initiation of the micro aerial vehicle (MAV) from the defense advanced research projects agency (DARPA) program [1], increasing attention has been paid to the design of bio-inspired flapping wing MAV, and in particular, the study of aerodynamics [2][3][4]. Phan et al [5] designed a stable 21 g insect-like tailless flapping wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV) with proportion-differentiation (PD) feedback control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Rotor of Variant Frequency Driven by Ultrasonic Motor

et al. 2020

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By combining the flapping and rotary motion, a bio-inspired flapping wing rotor (FWR) is a unique kinematics of motion. It can produce a significantly greater aerodynamic lift and efficiency than mimicking the insect wings in a vertical take-off and landing (VTOL). To produce the same lift, the FWR’s flapping frequency, twist angle, and self-propelling rotational speed is significantly smaller than the insect-like flapping wings and rotors. Like its opponents, however, the effect of variant flapping frequency (VFF) of a FWR, during a flapping cycle on its aerodynamic characteristics and efficiency, remains to be evaluated. A FWR model is built to carry out experimental work. To be able to vary the flapping frequency rapidly during a stroke, an ultrasonic motor (USM) is used to drive the FWR. Experiment and numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are performed in a VFF range versus the usual constant flapping frequency (CFF) cases. The measured lifting forces agree very well with the CFD results. Flapping frequency in an up-stroke is smaller than a down-stroke, and the negative lift and inertia forces can be reduced significantly. The average lift of the FWR where the motion in VFF is greater than the CFF, in the same input motor power or equivalent flapping frequency. In other words, the required power for a VFF case to produce a specified lift is less than a CFF case. For this FWR model, the optimal installation angle of the wings for high lift and efficiency is found to be 30° and the Strouhal number of the VFF cases is between 0.3–0.36.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Rotor of Variant Frequency Driven by Ultrasonic Motor

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, at present, the ornithopter adopts mostly the structure of imitating birds' wings [52]-the whole ornithopter only has one pair of wings. Due to the great difference in the freedom and flexibility between the ornithopter and birds' wings, the lift of the ornithopter will decrease when the wings are flapped upwards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on Hover Control Performance of T- and Cross-Shaped Tail Fin of X-Wing Single-Bar Biplane Flapping Wing

Zhang

Zhu²,

Zhu

2020

Journal of Robotics

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The current flapping wing adopts T-shaped or cross-shaped tail fin to adjust its flight posture. However, how the tail fin will affect the hover control is not very clear. So, the effects of the two types of tail on flight will be analyzed and compared by actual flight tests in this paper. Firstly, we proposed a new X-wing single-bar biplane flapping-wing mechanism with two pairs of wings. Thereafter, the overall structure, gearbox structure, tail, frame, and control system of the flapping wing were designed and analyzed. Secondly, the control mechanism of hover is analyzed to describe the effect of two-tail fin on posture control. Thirdly, the Beetle was used as the control unit to achieve a controllable flight of flapping wing. The MPU6050 electronic gyroscope was used to monitor the drone’s posture in real time, and the Bluetooth BLE4.0 wireless communication module was used to receive remote control instructions. At last, to verify the flight effect, two actual flapping wings were fabricated and flight experiments were conducted. The experiments show that the cross-shaped tail fin has a better controllable performance than the T-shaped tail fin. The flapping wing has a high lift-to-mass ratio and good maneuverability. The designed control system can achieve the controllable flight of the flapping wing.

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“…The continuous progress in the development of the aerodynamic performance and agility of these flyers, which are beneficially used for military missions and other civilian applications, has been done through surrogate flapping wings with the favorable effects of the wing flexibility. 2–14 Recently, research and development of the aerodynamic performance, agility, and flow mechanism associated with flexible wings of these flyers have been investigated dynamically, increasingly, and extensively. 14–33 In fact, according to insect flights, the small size and light weight of flyers are designed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,33 Hence, characteristics of biological flights are often observed and investigated to improve the aerodynamic performance, agility, wing structure, mechanics of flight and control, including propulsion of wings of the biomimetic-flyer wings, MUAVs, and MAVs for desirable mission achievements. 4,13,14,19,24,30 However, the wing of biological flyers is anisotropic and cambered. 36 Specifically, its flexibility is different in the spanwise and chordwise directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in flexibility effects on wing aerodynamics and acoustics

Prapamonthon

Yin

Yang

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Since the theoretical aeroelasticity for flapping-wing aerodynamics was introduced in the 1920s, the effects of flexibility on aeroelasticity have been paid more attention to aerodynamic design. In recent years, the trait of the wing flexibility is applied for small-scale wings of biomimetic flyers including micro air vehicles and mini unmanned aerial vehicles. Until now, the aerodynamic performance and great agility of these flyers, which are beneficially used for military missions and other civilian applications, have been improved through surrogate flapping wings with the favorable effects of the flexibility. As per the aeroelasticity principle for the forward flying, the chordwise flexibility of an elastic flapping wing can generate thrust and lift redistributions, whereas the spanwise flexibility can result in variations of the angle of attack and the shift of phase along the wingspan direction. Consequently, all vortices generated by the flapping wing i.e. (1) leading-edge vortices, (2) tip vortices, and (3) trailing-edge vortices are blended supportively, thereby improving the aerodynamic performance and agility. Hence, the growth of research and development of the aerodynamic performance and agility for these flyers under the influence of flexible wings increases through experimental and computational studies dynamically and rapidly. This review aims to highlight the important role of the flexibility in the recent progress in wing aerodynamics of these flyers through several wing models done by famous groups of experts in this field. In addition, this review includes the acoustics of the wings under the flexibility effects which is considered as a new key for better flyer design and improvement. A comprehensive understanding of the integrated aerodynamics and acoustics under the wing flexibility is, therefore, needed.

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Design and Development of a Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Type Micro Air Vehicle

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

A Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Rotor of Variant Frequency Driven by Ultrasonic Motor

A Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing Rotor of Variant Frequency Driven by Ultrasonic Motor

Analysis on Hover Control Performance of T- and Cross-Shaped Tail Fin of X-Wing Single-Bar Biplane Flapping Wing

Recent progress in flexibility effects on wing aerodynamics and acoustics

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