Design and development of a LIBS system on linear plasma device PSI-2 for in situ real-time diagnostics of plasma-facing materials

LIBS study of ITER relevant tungsten–oxygen coatings exposed to deuterium plasma in Magnum-PSI

“…Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been shown to be a promising method for the in-situ fuel retention monitoring in tokamaks [20][21][22][23][24][25] and linear plasma devices [26][27][28][29]. However, the line intensities in LIBS spectra depend not only on the coating composition but also on morphology and crystalline phase content [30][31][32].…”

Plasma–wall interaction studies within the EUROfusion consortium: progress on plasma-facing components development and qualification

“…Mixed Be layers have been developed [34] to mimic JET co-deposits and allow the successful qualification of in situ fuel retention diagnostics such as LIBS and fuel-removal techniques such as baking. Reference analysis of the fuel content in plasma-facing materials with post-mortem techniques such as thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) [35] are used to provide standard values for experiments and modelling as well as to benchmark the quantification with laser-based diagnostics such as LIBS [36][37][38] and laser-induced desorption spectroscopy (LIDS) [39].…”

Spatiotemporal dynamic characterization of the laser-induced plasma of a mixed material (WCCu) under variable ablation angles in a vacuum

“…Since 2012, in situ LIBS systems have been established in Tokamak devices such as TEXTOR, EAST, and FTU, [21][22][23] as well as in linear plasma devices such as Magnum-PSI and PSI-2 to investigate the wall element composition. 24,25 Since the establishment of the remote and in situ LIBS system on the EAST tokamak in 2014, our team has carried out a series of studies for the fuel retention and impurity distribution on the high eld side of the rst wall. [26][27][28][29] At present, an upgraded in situ LIBS system for the upper divertor region of the EAST is being constructed and tested.…”