Design and Application of a Smart Lighting System Based on Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Buildings have been an important energy consuming sector, and inefficient controlling of lights can result in wastage of energy in buildings. The aim of the study is to reduce energy consumption by implementing a smart lighting system that integrates sensor technologies, a distributed wireless sensor network (WSN) using ZigBee protocol, and illumination control rules. A sensing module consists of occupancy sensors, including passive infrared (PIR) sensors and microwave Doppler sensors, an ambient light sensor, and lighting control rules. The dimming level of each luminaire is controlled by rules taking into consideration occupancy and daylight harvesting. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated in two scenarios, a metro station and an office room, and the average energy savings are about 45% and 36%, respectively. The effects of different factors on energy savings are analyzed, including people flow density, weather, desired illuminance, and the number of people in a room. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed system and its ability to save energy consumption. The study can benefit the development of intelligent and sustainable buildings.

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Design and Performance of a XBee 900 MHz Acquisition System Aimed at Industrial Applications

“…Some works describe the application in smart grids devices [34][35][36]. This technology is frequently used in home/building automation applications [37][38][39]. It is also an interesting alternative for outdoor applications, such as those found in agriculture [40,41].…”

„Skywatcher” System for Daylight Measurements

“…The sky models developed, with luminance distributions determined for them in the zenith of the LVZ sky, reflect the state of the sky for individual degrees of cloudiness and diffusion of particles in the atmosphere. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] According to the calculation procedure proposed by the CIE [17], geographical coordinates and time zone in the examined location are determined, and then the position of the Sun in the sky on a given day and at a specific time is determined. The declination angle , which determines the angular position of the blue equator relative to the ecliptic, is related to the next day in year n: 284 23, 45 sin 360 365…”