Design and analysis of wideband MIMO antenna arrays for 5G smartphone application

Abstract

A new wideband multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system able to operate in a frequency band ranging between 3.3 and 7.1 GHz is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) new radio applications for future smartphones. The design structure contains four pairs of compact microstrip-fed slot antennas, located at the corners of an FR-4 printed circuit board. Each pair of antennas consists of a radiator with two concentric annular slots, fed by two L-shaped microstrip-feeding lines and provides polarization and radiation pattern diversity function due to the orthogonal placement of their feed-line. In order to reduce the mutual coupling characteristic, we have inserted a rectangular slot under each microstrip feed-line. Besides, we have coupled and linked the two rings by a small gap to combine and move the resonant modes so as to achieve wideband coverage. The measured and simulated results show that the proposed design achieves the desired performance, such as isolation >12 dB, a total efficiency >48%, and an envelope correlation coefficient <0.07. In addition, the radiation pattern, the total efficiency, the realized gain, and the channel capacity are also studied. According to the reached results, the proposed MIMO antenna may be a suitable application-oriented design for 5G mobile communication.

Current trends and future perspective of designing on-chip antennas

“…The present communication technology is going to shift toward the 5G and 6G networks for which compact devices supporting high speed data transfer, low latency rate, and reliable transmission are required. Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and massive MIMO technology is used to fulfill these requirements [82][83][84]. The massive MIMO-based 5G and 6G devices consist of around hundreds antennas in their RF front-end.…”

Millimeter-Wave Dual-Band MIMO Antennas for 5G Wireless Applications

“…Additionally, a MIMO antenna may be required to offer a variety of diversity, including spatial, polarization, and pattern diversity. The provision of low envelop correlation coe cient (ECC) and high diversity gain (DG) is one of the most signi cant problems in MIMO antenna design for mobile devices [13][14].…”

Asymmetrical fed Calendula flower-shaped four-port 5G-NR band (n77, n78, and n79) MIMO antenna with high diversity performance

“…A MIMO antenna for automative application which is interlocked with a four-radiating patch achieves higher isolation in a bandwidth of 2.80-9.50 GHz [22]. Radiation pattern and polarization diversity are achieved in four pairs of microstrip fed antenna which also consists of dual-concentric annular slots [23,24] and five concentric stubs placed between four radiators [25]; a defected ground structure monopole of 4 × 4 , 683 697.…”

“…A MIMO antenna for automative application which is interlocked with a four-radiating patch achieves higher isolation in a bandwidth of 2.80–9.50 GHz [22]. Radiation pattern and polarization diversity are achieved in four pairs of microstrip fed antenna which also consists of dual-concentric annular slots [23, 24] and five concentric stubs placed between four radiators [25]; a defected ground structure monopole of 4 × 4 configuration uses no isolation element as the inter-spacing between them achieves higher isolation [26] and by maintaining the spacing of <0.05 λ between radiators isolation of more than 16 dB is achieved [27]. Three MIMO antenna configurations [28–30, 32, 33] with four radiating patches utilize no decoupling structures and a fan-shaped parasitic structure between the four-radiating patch achieves better isolation [31].…”