Desempenho de cultivares de mandioca em ambiente subtropical

Abstract

ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e comparar as variáveis de crescimento, o desenvolvimento e os componentes de produtividade de raízes e hastes de cinco cultivares de mandioca em ambiente subtropical no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O experimento de campo foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas de 2010-2011 e 2011-2012, em Santa Maria, RS, com cinco cultivares de mandioca (Fepagro-RS13, Fepagro-RS14, Estrangeira, Fécula Branca e Cascuda) no delineamento blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições em esquema bifatorial. Foram coletadas variáveis de crescimento e desenvolvimento como área foliar, altura de plantas e número de folhas e componentes de produtividade de raízes e hastes. As cultivares Fepagro-RS13 e Fepagro-RS14 possuem maior IAF com elevada produção de parte aérea e maior altura total comparadas às das cultivares Estrangeira, Fécula Branca e Cascuda por emitirem maior quantidade de ramificações simpodiais. As cultivares Fepagro-RS13 e Fepagro-RS14 possuem elevada produção tanto de parte aérea quanto de raiz, enquanto as cultivares Estrangeira, Cascuda e Fécula Branca possuem maior aptidão para produção de raízes tuberosas em ambiente subtropical no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.Palavras-chave: Manihot esculenta Crantz, desenvolvimento, raízes tuberosas, hastes, componentes de produtividade. Performance of cassava cultivars in subtropical environment AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare variables of growth, development and yield components of roots and stems of five cassava cultivars in subtropical environment in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A field experiment was conducted in the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at Santa Maria, RS, with five cassava cultivars, Fepagro -RS 13, Fepagro -RS 13, Fepagro -RS 14, Estrangeira, Fécula Branca and Cascuda in a randomized block design with four replicates and a two factor scheme. Variables of growth and development such as leaf area, plant height and leaf number and yield components of roots and stems were collected. The cultivars Fepagro -RS 13 and Fepagro -RS 14 have the highest LAI, above-ground biomass and height compared to the cultivars Estrangeira, Fécula Branca and Cascuda, because the former have greater sympodial branching. Cultivars Fepagro -RS13 and Fepagro -RS 14 have high production of both above-ground and tuber roots whereas cultivars Estrangeira, Cascuda and Fécula Branca are adapted for tuber roots production in subtropical environment of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Yield of different varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in different harvest intervals

“…In this investigation, the Tacuara variety was the variety with the highest yield, while Romero and Caballero (2013) study on agronomic behavior of five cassava varieties revealed that the one with the highest commercial root yield is the Sa'yju variety, which at the same time, has a higher content of dry matter and starch. Likewise, the observed yield (Table 3) in the four varieties evaluated are within the parameters for table cassava varieties, similar to those observed by Tironi et al (2015).…”

Effect of Harvest Time and Nitrogen Doses on Cassava Root Yield and Quality

“…A study on the critical limits of soil moisture for the cassava crop showed that water stress significantly reduces the total leaf area of cassava plants due to lower diffusion of CO 2 by the stomata, which remain closed for a longer period (Pinheiro et al, 2014). In contrast, greater soil water availability favours plant development and increases the area for interception of solar radiation for photosynthesis and production of photoassimilates that are used for starch accumulation in the roots (Tironi et al, 2015). Souza et al (2010) obtained a starch yield of 5,180 kg ha -1 at nine months after planting, and they were able to triple that yield when harvest took place at 18 months after planting in a crop irrigated throughout its cycle.…”

Simanihot: A Process-Based Model for Simulating Growth, Development and Productivity of Cassava

“…Four of them were conducted in Santa 53.72º W,103 m) between the growing seasons of 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 and two experiments performed in a commercial farm in Vera Cruz -RS (29.71º S, 52.51º W, 68 m). Experiment 1 detailing can be found in TIRONI et al (2015), while the other experiments, in Santa Maria, followed the same protocol as the one applied in 2013-2014. In Experiments 5 and 6, the commercial crop with 3,500 plants (planting holes) was divided into four quadrants.…”