Descriptive Epidemiology of Nasal Carriage of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Among Patients Admitted to Two Healthcare Facilities in Algeria

Djoudi, Ferhat; Benallaoua, Saı̈d; Aléo, Aurora; Touati, Abdelaziz; Challal, Mouloud; Bonura, Celestino; Mammina, Caterina

doi:10.1089/mdr.2014.0156

Cited by 12 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…SCCmec IV was predominant in our MRSA strains, a common observation within MR staphylococci isolates in most studies (Ruppe et al, 2009;Garza-Gonzalez et al, 2010;AlBakri et al, 2013;Djoudi et al, 2014). The two MR S. saprophyticus isolates carried SCCmec IVa; however, Söderquist & Berglund (2009) reported that, in this species, SCCmec III was predominant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…A further M-PCR was performed, as previously described by Milheiriço et al (2007b), to distinguish between the different SCCmec IV subtypes. Identity of SCCmec VII was already confirmed in another study (Djoudi et al, 2014). MLST was performed on MRSA strains (Enright et al, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…This result was confirmed by sequencing the SCCmec of MRSA isolate no. 15 in our last study (Djoudi et al, 2014) and comparison with a sequence deposited in the GenBank database (http://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/AB462393.1) (Takano et al, 2008) exhibiting 100 % nucleotide identity.…”

Section: Sccmec Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing and mecA sequencing in methicillin-resistant staphylococci from Algeria: a highly diversified element with new mutations in mecA

Djoudi

Bonura

Touati

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Genetic mechanisms of methicillin resistance are still relevant in staphylococci. The aims of this study are to assess the possible exchanges of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) among isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and to check for known or new mutations in mecA DNA. A total of 35 MRS non-repetitive isolates were recovered, including 20 Staphylococcus haemolyticus, 7 Staphylococcus aureus, 4 Staphylococcus sciuri, 2 Staphylococcus saprophyticus and 1 isolate each of Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus lentus. Only 16 of the 35 strains were assigned to known SCCmec types: 7 SCCmec VII, 6 SCCmec IV and 3 SCCmec III, with possible horizontal transfer of the SCCmec VII from methicillin-resistant S. haemolyticus to methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. mecA gene sequencing in ten selected isolates allowed description of nine punctual mutations, seven of which were reported for the first time. The most frequent mutation was G246E, identified in isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, S. sciuri, S. saprophyticus and S. lentus. These results emphasized the high degree of genetic diversity of SCCmec element in MRS and describe new missense mutations in mecA, which might be important in understanding the evolution of methicillin and new b-lactam resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

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Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing and mecA sequencing in methicillin-resistant staphylococci from Algeria: a highly diversified element with new mutations in mecA

Djoudi

Bonura

Touati

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…In assessing the nasal carriage of S. aureus in patients with medical conditions, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, osteoarthritis, heart diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, Djoudi et al . isolated MRSA; they found the nasal carriage of S. aureus to be significantly associated with cancer and previous hospitalization for kidney failure due to immunological suppression and hemodialysis. The MRSA isolates ST239 ( n = 60), ST80 ( n = 27), ST5 ( n = 2), ST22 ( n = 2), and ST535 ( n = 1) harbored mecA .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the widespread distribution of S. aureus ST5, E. faecium ST18, ST80, and ST910, E. faecalis , and S. agalactiae harboring mec A, tet , and erm shows that the spread of antibiotic resistance in Africa is partly, if not totally, clonally mediated. For instance, Djoudi et al ., van Rensburg et al ., and De Boeck et al . in Algeria, South Africa, and Democratic Republic of Congo, respectively, reported on resistant S. aureus ST5 in humans, while Fall et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. in Africa: a systematic review from a One Health perspective

Sekyere

Mensah

2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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A systematic review of antibiotic‐resistant Gram‐positive bacteria in Africa from a One Health perspective is lacking. Here, we report result from a search for English‐language articles on the resistance mechanisms and clonality of Gram‐positive bacteria in Africa between 2007 and 2019 reported in PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and African Journals OnLine; 172 studies from 22 different African countries were identified. Resistance genes, such as mecA, erm(B), erm(C), tet(M), tet(K), tet(L), vanB, vanA, vanC, and tet(O), were found to be common. Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. were the main species reported by the studies, with clones such as Staphylococcus aureus ST5 (n = 218 isolates), ST8 (n = 127 isolates), ST80 (n = 133 isolates), and ST88 (n = 117 isolates), and mobile genetic elements such as IS16 (n = 28 isolates), IS256 (n = 96), Tn916 (n = 107 isolates), and SCCmec (n = 4437 isolates) identified. SCCmec IV (n = 747 isolates) was predominant, followed by SCCmec III (n = 305 isolates), SCCmec II (n = 163 isolates), SCCmec V (n = 135 isolates), and SCCmec I (n = 79 isolates). Resistance to penicillin (n = 5926 isolates), tetracycline (n = 5300 isolates), erythromycin (n = 5151 isolates), rifampicin (n = 3823 isolates), gentamycin (n = 3494 isolates), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (n = 3089 isolates), and ciprofloxacin (n = 2746 isolates) was common in most reports from 22 countries. Clonal dissemination of resistance across countries and between humans, animals, and the environment was observed. Resistance rates ranged from 1.4% to 100% for 15 of the studies; 10 were One Health–related studies. Strict infection control measures, antimicrobial stewardship, and periodic One Health epidemiological surveillance studies are needed to monitor and contain the threat of increasing antibiotic resistance in Africa.

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High levels of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA carriage in healthy population of Algiers revealed by additional enrichment and multisite screening

Antri

Akkou

Bouchiat

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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The purpose of the research is to characterize Staphylococcus aureus colonization in healthy population of Algiers, to assess the impact on diagnostic performance of systematic additional broth enrichment, and to ascertain the additional benefits of multiple site screening. In order to more accurately determine the prevalence of S. aureus colonization, the swab specimens from multiple screening sites were incubated in brain-heart broth before agar plating. From 2009 to 2011, 1176 samples were collected from 459 participants (201 adults and 258 children). The additional enrichment detection step significantly increased S. aureus detection rates (p < 0.0001). S. aureus nasal detection was positive in 37.8% of adults, and the addition of throat samplings significantly increased the S. aureus detection rate up to 54.7% (p < 0.001). S. aureus nasal detection was positive in 37.6% of children. The addition of throat samplings in children significantly increased the S. aureus detection rate up to 53.1% (p < 0.001) and that of anal samplings up to 59.7%. The overall prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus was 5.2% (3% of adults and 7% of children). spa typing of all isolates revealed a diverse but strongly clonal S. aureus population structure. This approach involving multiple anatomical sampling sites and an additional enrichment of the swabs before conventional culture significantly increases the detection rate of S. aureus carriers and may prove valuable to improve global S. aureus infection prevention.

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Descriptive Epidemiology of Nasal Carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusand Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusAmong Patients Admitted to Two Healthcare Facilities in Algeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing and mecA sequencing in methicillin-resistant staphylococci from Algeria: a highly diversified element with new mutations in mecA

Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing and mecA sequencing in methicillin-resistant staphylococci from Algeria: a highly diversified element with new mutations in mecA

Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. in Africa: a systematic review from a One Health perspective

High levels of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA carriage in healthy population of Algiers revealed by additional enrichment and multisite screening

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