High levels of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA carriage in healthy population of Algiers revealed by additional enrichment and multisite screening

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to characterize Staphylococcus aureus colonization in healthy population of Algiers, to assess the impact on diagnostic performance of systematic additional broth enrichment, and to ascertain the additional benefits of multiple site screening. In order to more accurately determine the prevalence of S. aureus colonization, the swab specimens from multiple screening sites were incubated in brain-heart broth before agar plating. From 2009 to 2011, 1176 samples were collected from 459 participants (201 adults and 258 children). The additional enrichment detection step significantly increased S. aureus detection rates (p < 0.0001). S. aureus nasal detection was positive in 37.8% of adults, and the addition of throat samplings significantly increased the S. aureus detection rate up to 54.7% (p < 0.001). S. aureus nasal detection was positive in 37.6% of children. The addition of throat samplings in children significantly increased the S. aureus detection rate up to 53.1% (p < 0.001) and that of anal samplings up to 59.7%. The overall prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus was 5.2% (3% of adults and 7% of children). spa typing of all isolates revealed a diverse but strongly clonal S. aureus population structure. This approach involving multiple anatomical sampling sites and an additional enrichment of the swabs before conventional culture significantly increases the detection rate of S. aureus carriers and may prove valuable to improve global S. aureus infection prevention.

Absence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization among immunocompetent healthy adults: Insights from a longitudinal study

“…First, we did not obtain samples from the anterior nares, which have been traditionally considered the preferential site of S. aureus colonization. However, we did obtain samples from different sites, in line with current recommendations to increase the detection of S. aureus and MRSA carriage [26,[29][30][31][32]. Our study supports this recommendation as the combined use of three sampling sites led to the detection of S. aureus in 34.4% of the sampling time-points while the use of a single sampling site would have detected S. aureus in a maximum of 20.5% of the samples (Fig 1).…”

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Poultry Species in Algeria: Long-Term Study on Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance

“…Staphylococcus aureus is a contagious, opportunistic pathogen that causes clinical or subclinical infections in humans and animals, and it is a significant cause of foodborne illness worldwide. In Algeria, a high prevalence of S. aureus and multi-drug resistant MRSA is found regularly in patients admitted to healthcare facilities [11,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Enterotoxigenic S. aureus and MRSA have also been isolated from samples of various raw and processed foods, including products of poultry with a contamination rate between 6.1% and 38% [17,18,30].…”

Increased Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage Rates in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Biologic Therapy

“…This study has certain limitations. Cultures were only obtained by nasal swab, as the association with surgical site infections is strongest with nares cultures; however, while the addition of other sites such as the throat or the surgical site might increase in culture yield, the increase is unlikely to be large (4,(32)(33)(34). Moreover, a difference in carriage would likely affect all three tested groups equally.…”