Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from Laos and Thailand

Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Chaloemthanetphong, Aummarin; Vongphayloth, Khamsing; Ahantarig, Arunee; Apanaskevich, Maria A.; Brey, Paul T.; Hertz, Jeffrey C.; Lakeomany, Khaithong; Sutherland, Ian W.; Trinachartvanit, Wachareeporn

doi:10.1007/s11230-019-09861-z

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They also can biologically transmit some pathogenic blood protozoa, such as Babesia spp. (red water), Thileria spp., and Trypanosoma species; bacterial pathogens, such as Pasteurella pestis ; and viral pathogens, such as yellow fever ( Shirazi et al , 2013 ; Apanaskevich et al , 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in-vivo and in-vitro Effectiveness of Three Insecticides Types for Eradication of The Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Dogs

Aboelela¹,

Sobieh²,

Abouelhassan³

et al. 2022

Open Vet J

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Background: External parasites contribute to extensive harmful impacts on their hosts which is why control and eradication of external parasites have been included in all biosecurity plans of dog houses. Aim: To evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo effectiveness of chemicals like Doramectin injectable and Fipronil 50 mg/ml drops and herbal mixes eco-friendly insecticides like phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix spray for combating the external parasitism in dogs and their influence on the hematological, biochemical, and cortisol (CORT) profiles. Method: The in-vitro effectiveness of the insecticides was conducted by using a total of 216 developmental stage Rhipicephalus sanguineus (72 adults, 72 larvae, and 72 eggs) designed into three replicates of petri dishes (3 plates × 8 units × 3 stages/replicate); each replicate was exposed to 1 ml insecticide. The number of surviving ticks was recorded after 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours. Sixteen Rottweiler male dogs aged 1 year and 45.5 kg were divided into four groups. Three groups (G1, G2, and G3) were experimentally infested with R. sanguineus ticks 3–4 weeks post-dog arrival and kept under observation from zero-time of experimental infestation for 1–2 weeks. The three experimentally infested dog groups were treated with Doramectin injectable, Fipronil 50 mg/ml drops, and phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix spray, respectively, and the fourth group was designed as a negative control. A total of 144 samples, including 48 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood, 48 whole blood, and 48 sera samples, were collected. Results: The in-vitro efficacy revealed highly significant ( p < 0.01) 100% killing efficacy that was achieved after 8 hours in Doramectin and Fipronil 50 mg/ml and 24 hours in phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix. The in-vivo trials revealed highly significant ( p < 0.01) improvements of red blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, platelets, total and differential leukocytic counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates in the second hour, total protein, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, urea, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and CORT levels in the 2-week (P 1 ) and 4-week posttreatment (P 2 ) samples in Dormectin, Fipronil 50 mg/ml, and phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix-treated dogs with more pronounced recovery in phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix spray-treated dogs. Conclusion: The insecticides were able to provide a high level of protection against experimental infestation with concern to the different modes of application. Phenylpyrazole–garlic–camphor mix spray (eco-friendly) achieved higher insecticidal act...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in-vivo and in-vitro Effectiveness of Three Insecticides Types for Eradication of The Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Dogs

Aboelela¹,

Sobieh²,

Abouelhassan³

et al. 2022

Open Vet J

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“…Of these, three species were morphologically and molecularly identified as D. laothaiensis, D. steini, and D. auratus in the present study. D. laothaiensis was recently described, and it was reported as morphologically closely related to D. steini 26 . However, we found that D. laothaiensis was quite distinct from D. steini as these two species resolving into separate clades during phylogenetic analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All tick samples were kept in 70% ethanol and stored at −20 °C for laboratory study. Each tick was morphologically identified using available descriptions 26 , 44 , 45 . The samples of these ticks were subsequently confirmed by molecular techniques using DNA sequencing of two genes; 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA: 16S + 1, 16S-1) and cytochrome c oxidase I ( COI : RON, TCOIR), as described by Black and Piesman and Simon et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel Rickettsia, Candidatus Rickettsia takensis, and the first record of Candidatus Rickettsia laoensis in Dermacentor from Northwestern Thailand

Chaloemthanetphong

Ahantarig

Apanaskevich

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Three hundred and forty-four tick samples were collected from vegetation at Taksin Maharat National Park, Tak province, northwestern Thailand. They were morphologically identified and molecularly confirmed by 16S rRNA and COI genes as Dermacentor laothaiensis (n = 105), D. steini (n = 139), and D. auratus (n = 100). These ticks were examined for the spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGRs) using PCR and DNA sequencing of six genes; 17-kDa, gltA, 16S rRNA, ompA, ompB, and sca4. Of these ticks, 6.10% (21/344) gave positive results for the presence of SFGRs. Phylogenetic analyses of the SFGRs clearly indicated that a novel genotype assigned as Candidatus Rickettsia takensis was detected in D. laothaiensis (19/105) and at lesser frequency in D. steini (1/139). Furthermore, Candidatus Rickettsia laoensis was also found at a low frequency in D. auratus (1/100), the first record in Thailand. Although, the pathogenicities of these SFGRs remain unknown, our findings suggest potential risks of SFGRs being transmitted via ticks near the border between Thailand and Myanmar, a gateway of daily migrations of local people and visitors both legal and illegal.

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“…Ectoparasites are organisms that populate the external body surface of other organisms contributing to extensive harmful influences ( Zendehfili et al ., 2015 ), great economic losses ( Tong et al ., 2019 ), and transmission of bacterial, protozoal, and viral microorganisms ( Mansour et al ., 2017 ). The transmission of these microorganisms is carried out by mechanical means as in Corynebacteria , Staphylococcus , or Streptococcus ( Kwak et al ., 2021 ), or by biological means as in Babesia , Thileria , Trypanosoma , and Pasteurella pestis ( Apanaskevich et al ., 2020 ). Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that have an extended host range and wide geographic habitats, they transmit protozoan, bacterial, rickettsia, and viral pathogens contributing to debilitating/fatal diseases ( Adenubi et al ., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Efficacy and Safety of Phoxim and Influence on Hematological, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Profiles in German Shepherd Dogs

Maghraby¹,

Mahmoud²,

Abdelkhalek³

et al. 2022

Open Vet J

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Background: Dogs’ health and welfare enhancement can be achieved using some prophylactics and immunization go with strict hygienic and optimum biosecurity measures. Aim: Exploration of the insecticidal action of Phoxim® for combating Rhipicephalus sanguineus infestation in dogs and its prophylactic influences on the blood indices, biochemistry, antioxidant enzymes, and cortisol hormone in healthy and infested dogs. Methods: Twenty German Shepherd male dogs at one year old and 44.0 kg were divided randomly into four groups of five dogs in four separate Kennels with optimum biosecurity measures. The 1st group (G1) was artificially infested with R. sanguineus and treated with Phoxim®, the 2nd (G2) was non-infested and treated with Phoxim®, the 3rd (G3) was infested with R. sanguineus and not treated (positive control), and the 4th (G4) was accounted as negative control (non-infested and non-treated). A total of 160 (80 whole blood and 80 sera) samples were collected. Results: Parasitological examination revealed prominent characteristic features of R. sanguineus such as a distinct anal groove, the basis capitulum is hexagonal and lateral, the palpi are short, the second segment of the palpi as long as wide and not produced laterally, and the spiracular plate is comma-shaped and consists of stigma, peritreme, and tail. The results conveyed highly significant (p < 0.01) enhancement in erythrocytes, leukocytes, hematohiston, hematocrit, hemoglobin centering, granulocytes, alanine aminotransferase, random blood sugars, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, and highly significant (p < 0.01) declines of all measured antioxidant enzymes in treated non-infested dogs. Conclusion: Phoxim® proved efficient insecticidal activity with optimum safety and can be brought into play in the prophylactic biosecurity measures installed to eradicate external parasitism in dogs.

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Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from Laos and Thailand

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

The in-vivo and in-vitro Effectiveness of Three Insecticides Types for Eradication of The Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Dogs

The in-vivo and in-vitro Effectiveness of Three Insecticides Types for Eradication of The Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Dogs

A novel Rickettsia, Candidatus Rickettsia takensis, and the first record of Candidatus Rickettsia laoensis in Dermacentor from Northwestern Thailand

Insecticidal Efficacy and Safety of Phoxim and Influence on Hematological, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Profiles in German Shepherd Dogs

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