Depression: An Important Comorbidity With Metabolic Syndrome in a General Population

Dunbar, James; Reddy, Prasuna; Davis-Lameloise, Nathalie; Philpot, Benjamin; Laatikainen, Tiina; Kilkkinen, Annamari; Bunker, Stephen; Best, James D.; Vartiainen, Erkki; Lo, Sing Kai; Janus, Edward

doi:10.2337/dc08-0175

Cited by 197 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There was no correlation between metabolic syndrome component and depression. This result was different with previous study 27,28 . There was no difference of complication propotion between two groups, that is good to minimalize bias.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Type of psychosocial stressor as risk factor of depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome

Fauziyati

Siswanto

Purnomo

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Abstract:Metabolic syndrome and depression are two major diseases over the world, which are increasing in prevalence over time. Depression is a major mental health burden over the world. In long time, depression can lead to metabolic syndrome, while metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for developing depression. Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Chronic stress induced by psychosocial stressor leads to the development of both metabolic syndrome and depression. Further research is important to identify which type of psychosocial stressor is the risk factor for depressive symptom in patients with metabolic syndrome. The objective of this study is to identify the type of psychosocial stressor which could be the risk factor for depressive symptom. The study design was case control. The case group consisted of metabolic syndrome patients with depressive symptom, while the control group consisted of metabolic syndrome patients without depressive symptom. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Depressive symptom was measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Psychosocial stressors were measured by Stressful Life Events (SLE) questionnaire. Dependent variable was depressive symptom, while independent variables were type of psychosocial stressors (finance, work, social relationship, health and housing). Analysis methods that used in this study were independent t test, Pearson/ Spearman correlation analysis, chi square and logistic regression. There were 54 patients in this study, consisted of 24 in case group and 30 in control group. There was no significant difference in most basic characteristics between two groups. There was significant difference of SLE score between two groups. Chi square analysis showed that housing, finance, health, social relationship, and work stressors were risk factors for developing depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome (OR 24.5 (p 0.001); 9.7 (p 0.039); 8.4 (p 0.016); 5.4 (p 0.004); 3.9 (p 0.001), respectively). Demographic factor which also influenced depressive symptom was salary less than 1 million per month (OR 45, p 0.004). According to logistic regression analysis, psychosocial stressors which most influenced the depressive symptom were finance and housing. In conclusion, this study showed that housing, finance, health, social relationship and work stressors were risk factors for developing depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Type of psychosocial stressor as risk factor of depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome

Fauziyati

Siswanto

Purnomo

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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“…[1][2][3] The negative impact depression can have on quality of life for people with diabetes, together with the increased healthcare costs of comorbid depression have been recognised. 4 In the UK, the Quality and Outcomes Framework provides incentives for GPs to use validated questionnaires to identify people with depression, including those with existing heart disease or diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of depression in diabetes: the efficacy of PHQ-9 and HADS-D

et al. 2010

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Clinical guidelines advise screening for depression in patients with diabetes. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) are commonly used in primary care. AimTo compare the efficacy of HADS-D and PHQ-9 in identifying moderate to severe depression among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes. Design of studySelf-report postal survey, clinical records assessed by GPs. SettingSeven metropolitan and rural general practices in Victoria, Australia. MethodPostal questionnaires were sent to all patients with diabetes on the registers of seven practices in Victoria. A total of 561 completed postal questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate 47%. Surveys included demographic information, and history of diabetes and depression. Participants completed both the PHQ-9 and HADS-D. Clinical data from patient records included glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and medications. ResultsThe proportion of the total sample completing HADS-D was 96.8% compared with 82.4% for PHQ-9. Level of education was unrelated to responses on the HADS-D but was related to completion of the PHQ-9. Using complete data (n = 456) from both measures, 40 responders showed HADS-D scores in the moderate to severe range, compared with 103 cases identified by PHQ-9. Only 35 cases were classified in the moderate to severe category by both the PHQ-9 and HADS-D. Items with the highest proportions of positive responses on the PHQ-9 were related to tiredness and sleeping problems and, on the HADS-D, feeling slowed down. ConclusionIt may be that the items contributing to the higher prevalence of moderate to severe depression using the PHQ-9 are due to diabetes-related symptoms or sleep disorders.

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“…In our sample, the mean BDI-II score is 25,4 which points out the presence of depression. On the other hand, metabolic syndrome and the increase of adiposity which is typical in obese patients, determines the development of inflammatory processes and the consequent alteration of brain function [61][62][63]. Obesity also occurs as a consequence of the high caloric intake determined by maladaptive eating behaviors, such as in our sample binge and grazing [48,64,65].The association with grazing could be explained by the disorder of mood and anxiety that characterizes this behavior [7].…”

Section: Major Depressive Disorders: Mddmentioning

confidence: 87%

Obesity and Psychiatric Disorders in a Sample of Obese Candidates for Bariatric Surgery in Campania Region

Micanti¹,

Pecoraro²,

Mosca³

et al. 2017

Primary Health Care

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Introduction: Obesity is now considered as pandemic. 40% of Italian population is overweight or obese. Many studies emphasize the association of obesity with mental disorders specifically depressive and anxiety disorders, substance use disorder, personality disorder. It has to be distinguished from the mental dimensions: impulsivity, mood, anxiety and body image connected to the emotional regulation system producing eating behaviors. Obesity subjects differ in eating behaviors: gorging, snacking, sweeteating, grazing and binge that are characterised by different level of psychopathology. Mental disorders are also associated to eating behaviors. Bariatric surgery is considered gold standard therapy for obesity. However, follow-up studies underline that the association obesity-mental disorders determines weight loss failure.Methods: 2205 obese subjects underwent psychiatric assessment before bariatric surgery. Patients were divided into two groups as result of psychiatric assessment: 1392 obese subjects without association with mental disorders and 813 with mental disorders. These last (mean age 37,63 SD ± 12,07; 181 M, 632 W; mean body mass index (BMI), 45,16 SD ± 12,14) were enrolled in this study. Every patient underwent psychiatric evaluation. The absence of mental disorders was considered an exclusion criteria.

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Depression: An Important Comorbidity With Metabolic Syndrome in a General Population

Cited by 197 publications

References 27 publications

Type of psychosocial stressor as risk factor of depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome

Type of psychosocial stressor as risk factor of depressive symptom in metabolic syndrome

Identification of depression in diabetes: the efficacy of PHQ-9 and HADS-D

Obesity and Psychiatric Disorders in a Sample of Obese Candidates for Bariatric Surgery in Campania Region

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